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Week 6 (Important structures (Cholesterol (Cholesterol Esters (Cholesterol…

- - - - Sphingomyalins
  - - - Cholesterol is converted to cholesteryl esters for cell storage or transport in blood
      - Fatty acid is esterified to C-3 OH of cholesterol
      - Cholesterol esters are very water insoluble and must be complexed with phospholipids or amphipathic proteins for transport
  - - -  Prostaglandins
        
        Body temperature
      -  Thromboxanes
        
        3 conjugated double bonds. Biological signals
      -  Leukotrienes
        
        Act in formation of blood
        clots
- - - - Usually even number Cs (6-24)
      - Unbranched
      - Methyl end and carboxylic acid end
      - Can be
        
         Saturated: Cis Fats
        
        no double bonds between carbons in the chain
        
         Monounsaturated:
        
        one double bond between carbons in the alkyl chain
        
         Polyunsaturated:
        
        more than one double bond in the alkyl chain
        
         Saturated: Trans Fats
        
        Trans fatty acids can pack more regularly and show
        higher melting points than cis forms
    - - It takes less thermal energy to disrupt disordered packing of unsaturated fatty acids.
      - – Unsaturated cis fatty acids have a lower melting point.
  - - - e.g. conjugated linoleic acid
- - - - Principle storage forms of energy
    - - Major Structural elements
  - - - Catagories
        
        Storage lipids
        
        TRIACYLGYCEROLS (TRIGLYCERIDES)
        
        Membrane Lipids
    - - Cholesterol
      - Vitamins
      - Pigments
- - - - dietary (exogenous) triacylglycerols and cholesterol from intestines to other tissues
      - Density
        
         Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL)
        
        Low density lipoproteins (LDL) related and transport internally produced (endogenous) triacylglycerols and cholesterol from liver to tissues
        
        High density lipoproteins (HDL) transport endogenous cholesterol from tissues to liver (i.e. remove cholesterol from tissue)