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Ch 20 Nonvascular Plants: Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts…
Ch 20 Nonvascular Plants: Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts
Characteristics of Nonvascular Plants
people are very familiar with
embryophyes that do not have vascular tissue
can grow to be very large
Classification of Nonvascular Plants
not known how closely related moss, liverworts, and hornworts are
Liverworts-Hepatophyta
mosses-Bryophyta
hornworts-Anthocerotophyta
Division Bryophyta: Mosses
The Gametophyte Generation
mosses
perennial
thrive in many places within cities
grow from apical meristem
gametophores
leafy stems
grow tightly together
tightly appressed
form dense mounds
rhizoids
penetrate surface of substrate
hydroids
innermost cortex
leptoids
resemble sieve cells
protonema
grow from spore during germination
antheridia
produces sperm cells in ascomycete fungi
archegonia
structure that produces egg
The Sporophyte Generation
foot :footprints:
zygote of moss and basal cell
capsule
upper cell grows by cell division and expands into simple apical sporangium
operculum
lid like top of a sporangium
seta
between foot and sporangium, narrow stalk
peristome teeth
one or two sets of teeth like structure around the mouth of sporangium
calyptra
layer of cells derived from the neck of the archegonium
Metabolism and Ecology
two critical factors
important in later establishment
can improve the microhabitat for seedlings
Division Hepatophyta: Liverworts
The Gametophyte Generation
divided into two basic groups
leafy liverworts
resembles moss
thallose liverworts
thallus
a body without roots, stems, and leaves
air pores
not stomatas
antheridiophore
umbrella shaped outgrowth
archegoniophores
producing eggs
The Sporophyte Generation
elaters
single, elongated cells with spring shaped-walls
Division Anthocerotophyta: Hornworts
The Gametophyte Generation
distinctive
have numerous chambers
many different shapes
