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Lymphatic and Immune System Luz Ponce Period 5 (Innate immune defense…
Lymphatic and Immune System Luz Ponce Period 5
Major Functions
Immune System
Body's defense against pathogens that can harm the body,keeps pathogen out of the body and attacks any pathogen that enters the human body
Lymphatic System
a network of vessels that assist in the circulation of the body fluids
Innate immune defense
Species resistance
Mechanical Barriers: 1st line of defense.
2nd line of defense come from the rest of the innate defenses
Create mechanical(physical barriers that prvent entry of pathogens
Chemical Barriers:Produce antiviral enzymes, stimulate phagocytosis, stimulation of imflammation
Natural Killer Cells:secrets cytolytic substance called perforins
Inflammation: charaterized by redness, swellig, heat, and pain/invasion of white blood ells into the affected area;blood clotting
Phaogocytosis:most active/removed foregin particles vrom lymph
Fever:interfering with proper conditions that promote bacterial growth
Adaptive Immune Defense
Third line of Defense: go against specific recognized foregin molecules
Antigens:anything that can cause immune response
cytokines:molecules that signal cells
Chemokins:released by infected cells to start iummune response
Lymphocytes
Antigens
Proteins,polysaccharides,glycoproteins, or glycolipids
Anything that can cause an immune response
Larger and more complex molecules
Humoral vs. cellular response
Humoral
Defense against extracellular pathogens; extracellular bacteria and circulating viruses
Cellular
Defense against intercellular pathogens: viruses,fungi, and intercellular bacteria
Anatomy of Lymphatic System
Bone Marrow:site of blood cells and immature lymphocyte formation
B Lymphocyte (B Cells):secrete antibodies that indirectly lead to the destruction of foreign material
T lymphocyte (T Cells):cause direct destruction of the virus invaded cells and mutant cells
Thymus:secretes hormones called Thymosins which regulates of T lymphocyte development
Lymphatic Organs:Lymph nodes,thymus,spleen
Spleen:filters the blood and removes damaged blood cells and bacteria
Lymph Nodules:compact masses of lymphatic tissues
Tonsils: composed of three masses of lymphoid tissue around the opening of the mouth and throat
Disorders of Immune System
HIV
AIDS
Allergies
Autoimmunity:antibodies against some of its own antigens
Antibodies
Protein secreted by plasma cells
Carried by body fluids,capable of binding
5 major types: IgG, IgA, IgD, and IgE
Actions: complement fixation which occurs when complement proteins attach to antigen