Water Sources and Usage
Increasing fresh water availability
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Water Transfers
Desalination is removing dissolved minerals such as salt form ocean water or brackish water in bodies of water.
Dams
captures and stores the surface runnoff of rivers. It also helps control floods and might generate electricity.
Uprivers get flooded
Reservoirs arent sustainable
Downriver amount of water decrease
Urban areas construct infrastructures that move fresh water from their natural origin to the water poor areas.
Issues with Unsustainable Water Uses
Only 52% of the war has access to clean water
Increaisng tensions between nations over limited acess to water.
Global health estimated that about 4,100 die a day from water relatad infectious disease
Unsustainable use of Fresh Water
The water is being polluted with plastics and fertlizers at alarming ratess
Derouting of natural pathways that fresh water might take for industrial use and then polluting it with chemicals.
Too much water is being used form aquafiers and they dont have the time to replentish themsleves.
Sustainable Use of Fresh Water
The usage of drip irrigation to improve the efficiency of the water therefore reduce the usage of water
Organic and polyculture framin to retain soil mostuire
irrigate at night to improve efficiency
grow crops that require less water absorbtion
Fresh Water Use and Availablity
Ground water: precipitation soaks through the sould into the rock s and remains there. The top layer is called the water table
0.024% of fresh water is readily available as a liquid.
Geobiochemical cycles disperse fresh water throughout the world.
Ground Water and Aquifers
An aquifer is a layer of water that is loctaed in te permeable rock layer of the ground or in the fractures of said rocks. Types of Aquifers include:
Unconfined: water seeps our of the ground surface directly.
Confined: Water is locate din impermeabe rock layers that prevent water form seepin form the aqufer into the surface above.
Over pumping Aquifers:
Land subsidence
When water tables drop they cost more to drill and the water becomes more expensive resulting in inqeulaity
Drilling can cause salt water to seap into the aquifers
Limited food productions due to waters shortage increase the price of food