Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Achievement Gap (Ceci (Broader Examples (Student Loans and Work Study…

- - - - “For example, according to an analysis of federal data on over 4,000 universities by The New York Times (Winter, 2004), universities that are members of the Ivy League receive 5 to 12 times the median amount of federal financial aid per applicant that is given to the rest of the nation’s colleges to run their low-interest loan programs.” (2005, p. 154).
      - “A dramatic example of the rich getting richer as a consequence of universal access to federal financial aid can be seen in the way that wealthy universities have garnered federal resources well in excess of those given to less wealthy universities.” (2005, p. 154).
    - - “Early analyses of Sesame Street by the Educational Testing Service (ETS) appeared to show that increased viewing of the show did, in fact, promote improved intellectual development mainly of poor children, thereby narrowing the achievement gap between disadvantaged and advantaged children” (2005, p. 155).
    - - “AP classes can be considered a nontargeted cognitive intervention because among its stated purposes are to enhance all students’ prospects for admissions to selected colleges, allow all students to earn college credit before matriculating in college (hence it is also a financial aid intervention), and give schools an incentive to upgrade their pre-AP-level courses so that students who take these courses are academically ready for the AP curriculum” (2005, p. 155).
    - - “The availability, distribution, utilization, and impact of technology are forms of nontargeted intervention when they have been earmarked to aid the academic performance of all children.” (2005, p. 155).
    - - “The profit-driven nature of many medical interventions virtually guarantees that any preexisting gaps between the rich and the poor will be widened as new medical procedures and interventions are discovered that, at least initially, are only available to those whose insurance covers them or who can independently pay for these procedures.” (2005, p. 155).
      - “Thus, interventions in the biological/medical domain pose questions similar to those we have been raising about cognitive, social, and economic programs—namely, if interventions are made universally available, then in some instances they will amplify preexisting disparities because higher functioning groups will utilize them to a greater extent.” (2005, p. 156).