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Motivation - Concepts (Contemporary Theories (Goal Setting Theory…
Motivation - Concepts
Definition and Elements
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the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction and persistence of effort towards a particular goal
Early Theories
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Two Factor Theory
Motivators
achievement, recognition, growth , responsibiliy
when fulfilled, individual will be satisfied
Hygiene Factors
quality of supervision, pay, company
policies, physical work conditions, relationships with others
when fulfilled, individual will not be dissatisfied
theory that relates intrinsic factors to job satisfaction and associates extrinsic factors with dissatisfaction - motivation-hygeine theory
Actually, both hygiene factors and motivators are motivating :warning:
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Contemporary Theories
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Goal Setting Theory
Task Characteristics
goals strongly affect performance when task is simple rather than complex, well learned rather than novel, independent rather than interdependent, and on high end of achievable
National Culture
Setting specific, difficult, individual goals may have different effects in different cultures
collectivistic and high-power-distance cultures -
achievable moderate goals can be more motivating than difficult ones
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Promotion Focus - a self regulation strategy that involves striving for goals through advancement and accomplishment
Prevention Focus - a self regulation strategy that involves striving for goals by fulfilling duties and obligations
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theory that says that specific and difficult goals, with feedback, lead to higher performance
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Self Efficacy Theory
Increasing Self Efficacy
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leads to an energised state, so
we get “psyched up,” feel up to the task, and perform better
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Expectancy Theory
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theory that says that the strength of a tendency to act in a certain way depends on the strength of an expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of the outcome to the individual
Job Engagement
the investment of an employee's physical, emotional and cognitive energies into job performance
higher productivity, fewer safety incidents, less turnover
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