Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
GP2 Seminar 1 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation心肺復甦術 (Etiology (ventricular…
GP2 Seminar 1
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation心肺復甦術
Definition
Cardiopulmonary, cardiac or circulatory arrest
sudden, unexpected
potentially reversible cessation可逆地停止 of spontaneous respiration and blood circulation.
most common condition -->Coronary artery disease冠狀動脈疾病
Pulmonary arrest
Limited to respiration
last a few minutes.
Signs
Unconsciousness
Stopped breathing
Lack of arterial pulse
Etiology
Severe persistent bradycardia心動過緩 or asystole心搏停止
Another 20-30%
Asytole
due to
failure of conducting tissue-->pacemaker
massive ventricular damage
no electrical activity within the ventricles
Pulseless electrical activity無脈電活動(PEA)
是指心臟停搏 ，存在電活動，但心臟要么不收縮，要么有其他原因導致心輸出量不足以產生脈搏並向器官供血。
Characteristic
presence of organised electrical activity, but no effective cardiac output
may be caused by reversible conditions可逆性疾病
hypovolaemia低血容量
cardiac tamponade 心包填塞
tension pneumotorax 張力性肺氣腫
often due to catastrophic event災難性事件
cardiac rupture
massive pulmonary embolism大量肺栓塞
ventricular fibrillation 心室顫動
Most common and most easily treatable cardiac arrest rythms
ECG心電圖
rapid, bizarre奇異 and irregular ventricular complexes
Characteristic
ineffective movement
uncoordinated movement不協調的運動
of ventricles (no pulse)
rapid movement
Ventricular tachycardia(if so rapid that effective mechanical contraction and relaxation cannot occur)-->cardiac arrest -->may degenerate into ventricular fibrillation
65-80% cardiac arrests
treat immediately --> 80% restore cardiac output
survival fall by at least 10% with each minute delay
Others
Management
To check
1st: Assure safety for patient and yourself
2nd
Confirm arrest
Suffocation signs窒息的跡象
Unconsciousness
Method
Breathing
Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation
Devices
Circulation
Chest compressions
Airway
Check mouth
Head tilt頭部傾斜 chin lift maneuver
Remove foreign bodies
Heimlich maneuver
check if the person is truly choking
hands around their throat
Cannot breathe or experiencing loud, difficult breathing
Cannot speak
Inability to cough effectively
Blue or gray color to lips and fingernail beds
Loss of consciousness
Wrap your arms around the person's waist.
Let the person know you're going to perform the Heimlich
Position your hands
Make a series of thrusts推力
press hard and quick into the abdomen
Pull inward and upward as you press
Recovery position
Conclude
CPR: should combine chest compressions and rescue breaths.
Our confidence in the equivalence between chest compression-only and standard CPR is not sufficient to change current practice.”
Results
– Survival rates are reduced 7-10% every minute without AED
– Few attempts succeed after 10 min.
– Nearly 60% are witnessed
Up to 85% survivors
Endotracheal intubation氣管內插
Medical procedure in which a tube is placed into the trachea through the mouth or nose.
is done to
Support breathing in certain illnesses
heart failure
collapsed lung肺部塌陷
emphysema肺氣腫
pneumonia
severe trauma
Remove blockages from the airway
Allow the provider to get a better view of the upper airway
To give
oxygen
medicine
anesthesia麻醉
Protect the lungs in people who are unable to protect their airway and are at risk for breathing in fluid (aspiration).
strokes
overdoses
massive bleeding from the esophagus or stomach
Technique
Hyperextended position
Laryngoscope inside
Place endotracheal tube
Inflate cuff充氣袖口