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Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (Clinical manifestations (Respiratory…
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Deffinetion
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a condition where in the ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth. This results in failure of closure of ductus arteriosus at birth.
Clinical manifestations
Respiratory distress
Slow motor development.
Widened pulse pressure
Heart murmur
Low immune system
Heart failure
Pathophysiology
Non-modifiable Factors
Genetics
Age
Gender
Modifiable Factors
Rubella infection,Becoming infected with rubella (German measles) while pregnant can increase the risk of fetal heart defects.
Poorly controlled diabetes, Uncontrolled diabetes in the mother in turn affects the fetus’s blood sugar causing various damaging effects to the developing fetus.
Drug or alcohol use or exposure to certain substances: Use of certain medications, alcohol or drugs, or exposure to chemicals or radiation during pregnancy can harm the developing fetus.
Presence of other congenital heart defects. Babies with other types of congenital heart defects often have a patent ductus arteriosus.
Schematic Diagram via Scribd
Diagnostic Findings
Chest x-ray.
Electrocardiography
Echocardiography
Nursing Interventions
Signs and symptoms. Watch carefully for signs of PDA in premature infants.
Monitoring. Frequently assess vital signs, ECG and intake and output
Adverse effects of indomethacin. If the infant receives indomethacin for ductus closure, watch for possible adverse effects, such as diarrhea, jaundice, bleeding, and renal dysfunction.
Preoperative instructions. Before surgery, carefully explain all treatments and tests to parents, including the child, and tell them about expected IV lines, monitoring equipment, and postoperative procedures.
Postoperative procedures. Immediately after surgery, the child may have a central venous pressure catheter and an arterial line in place, so careful assessment of vital signs, intake and output,
Causes
Prematurity
Prostaglandin E