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Lymphatic System (Lecture 2 (Adenitis (Inflammation or infection of the…
Lymphatic System
Lecture 2
Lymph Nodes-or “glands” located all over the body, usually in groups or clusters.
Small, round, or oval masses ranging from the size of a pinhead to an almond.
Lymph vessels bring lymph to the node, then the node filters the lymph and removes carbon, cancer cells, pathogens, and dead blood cells
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The clean/purified lymph then leaves the lymph node by a single lymphatic vessel and moves on to join larger vessles and will eventually drain into one of the lymphatic ducts: right lymphatic duct or thoracic duct
Right Thoracic Duct
Short tube that receives all of the purified lymph from the right side of the head and neck, the right chest, and the right arm.
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Thoracic duct
Much larger, drains the rest of the body.
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At the start of the thoracic duct, there is a pouch like structure called the cisterna chyli
Cisterna chyli- is a storage are for the purified lymph. It also will receive chyle from the intestinal lacteals
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Spleen
Organ located beneath the left side of the diaphragm and in the back of the upper part of the stomach
It produces/makes leukocytes and antibodies, destroys old erythrocytes, destroys thrombocytes, and filters metabolites and wastes from body tissues
Thymus
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Early in life, it produces antibodies, and manufactures lymphocytes to fight infection. Its function is taken over by the lymph nodes
Adenitis
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Occurs in large quantities of harmful substances like a pathogen or cancer cells entering the lymph nodes
S/Sx fever and swollen, painful nodes
If not treated an abscess could form in the node (if it does, incise and drain the node is indicated).
Treatment includes antibiotics, warm, moist compresses
Hodgkin’s disease
A chronic, malignant disease of the lymph nodes. It is the most common form of lymphoma.
S/Sx- painless swelling of lymph nodes, fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue, and pruritus (itching)
Treatment- Chemotherapy, and radiation
Lymphangitis
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S/Sx- red streak extending up the arm or leg from source of infection, fever, chills, and tenderness/pain
Treatment- antibiotics, rest, elevation of affected part, and or warm, moist compresses
Splenomegaly
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It can result from abnormal accumulation of RBC, mono, and cirrhosis of the liver
S/Sx- swelling and abdominal pain, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
Spleen can rupture can lead to intraperitoneal hemorrhage, shock and death.
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Tonsillitis
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Throat pain, dysphagia, fever, yellow or white spots on tonsils, swollen lymph nodes
Antibiotics, warm throat irrigations, are main treatment
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Lecture 1
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Lymphatic vessels
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Small, open ended lymph vessels act like a drainpipe are called lymphatic capillaries
Pick up lymph at the tissues then the lymph will travel through the capillaries to the larger lymphatic vessels
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