reproductive system
FRS hormones
disorders of FRS
MRS glands & tubules
seminal vesicles
seminiferous tubules
bulbourethral glands
prostate gland
MRS hormones
leutinizing hormone (LH)
gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
a doughnut shaped gland that wraps around the urethra and secretes a milky fluid that activates sperm
produce a thick, clear mucus that cleanses the urethra of any traces of acidic urine before ejaculation and acts as a lubricant for sexual intercourse
where sperm are produced in the testes
produce thick, yellow fluid (60% of semen) that nourishes the sperm and helps activate it
hypothalamus hormone that triggers the anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH
anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the production of testosterone
testosterone
Hormone produced in the testes that produces male sex characteristics
inhibin
hormone that triggers the release of gonadotropin inhibiting hormone (GnIH) to cease production of FSH and LH
gonads
male; testes
female; ovaries
produce gametes, or sperm, and they secrete hormones, primarily testosterone.
produce oocytes (eggs) for fertilisation and they produce the reproductive hormones, oestrogen and progesterone.
sperm
mid-piece
tail
head
contains the nucleus. The nucleus holds the DNA of the cell. The head also contains enzymes that help the sperm break through the cell membrane of an egg.
is packed with mitochondria. Mitochondria are organelles in cells that produce energy. Sperm use the energy in the midpiece to move.
moves like a propeller, around and around. This tail is a long flagella that pushes the sperm forward. A sperm can travel about 30 inches per hour. This may not sound very fast, but don’t forget how small a sperm is
oestrogen
progestrogen
is a female reproductive hormone, produced primarily by the ovaries in the non-pregnant woman. It promotes the maturation and release of an ovum in every menstrual cycle. It is also produced by the placenta during pregnancy.
produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary; its function is to prepare the endometrium (lining of the uterus) for the reception and development of the fertilised ovum. It also suppresses the production of oestrogen after ovulation has occurred.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
produced by the pituitary gland during the first half of the menstrual cycle. It stimulates development of the maturing ovarian follicle and controls ovum production in the female, and sperm production in the male.
Leutenizing hormone (LH)
produced by the pituitary gland in the brain. It stimulates the ovaries to produce oestrogen and progesterone. It triggers ovulation (the release of a mature ovum from the ovary), and it promotes the development of the corpus luteum.
disorders of MRS
Erectile dysfunction
Prostatitis
prostate cancer
endometriosis
vaginal yeast infection
Ovarian cancer
a condition where that normally lines the inside of your uterus — the endometrium — ends up outside of uterus, most commonly in the ovaries, bowel or the tissue lining your pelvis.
caused by a yeast fungus in the vagina
tends to have a poorer outcome than other gynecological cancers, Ross noted, because it is not typically diagnosed until it has progressed significantly.
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
can involve an infection of any of the female reproductive organs, including the uterus and ovaries
cervical cancer
a type of cancer that occurs in the cells of the cervix — the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Various strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection, play a role in causing most cervical cancer
A cancer in a man's prostate, a small walnut-sized gland that produces seminal fluid.
is the inability to achieve or sustain an erection suitable for sexual intercourse. Causes include medications, chronic illnesses, poor blood flow to the penis, drinking too much alcohol, or being too tired.
typically involves swelling or inflammation of the prostate gland
sexually transmitted diseases (STD)
Chlamydia
Trichomoniasis
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
genital herpes
Pubic Lice
HIV
A.I.D.S
Bacterial Pathogen (neisseria gonorrhea)
symptoms: usually occur 2- 6 days after sexual contact, men may have a yellow-green pus dripping from the penis or burning with urination, pain while having sex, men discharge from the penis, fever
Bacterial Pathogen (chlamydia trachomatis)
symptoms: itching, burning, pain, discharge, silent disease (most people have none), pain while urinating
cAUSED BY: Parasite (protozoa)
symptoms: female - yellow discharge, bladder infections, vaginal odor, hurts having sex male - burning after urination and ejaculaion
Syphilis is spread through vaginal, anal, and oral sex. Syphilis causes sores on your genitals (called chancres). The sores are usually painless, but they can easily spread the infection to other people
A common sexually transmitted infection marked by genital pain and sores.
Parasite (pediculosis pubis)
symptoms: itching in infected area, visible eggs moving
virus;
symptoms: similar to flu, or none at all, leads to aids
a disease in which there is a severe loss of the body's cellular immunity, greatly lowering the resistance to infection and malignancy.
menstrual cycle
the proliferative phase
ovulation
The follicular phase
Menstruation
The luteal phase
secretory phase
The period—the shedding of the uterine lining. Levels of estrogen and progesterone are low.
The time between the first day of the period and ovulation. Estrogen rises as an egg prepares to be released.
After the period, the uterine lining builds back up again.
the release of the egg from the ovary, mid-cycle. Estrogen peaks just beforehand, and then drops shortly afterwards.
The time between ovulation and before the start of menstruation, when the body prepares for a possible pregnancy. Progesterone is produced, peaks, and then drops.
The uterine lining produces chemicals that will either help support an early pregnancy or will prepare the lining to break down and shed if pregnancy doesn’t occur.