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Cellular Diversity - Tree of Life (Characteristics - What makes up a…
Cellular Diversity - Tree of Life
Biological Organisation:
Atoms
Molecules
Macromolecules
Organelles
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
Multi - Cellular Organism - HUMAN
Definition of a cell - 'cell theory'
Basic building blocks of life
All cells come from pre-existing cells
Characteristics - What makes up a living organism
Sensitivity - response to changes in the environment
Reproduction
Growth and development
Regulation
Homeostasis
Energy Processing
ORDER - ORGANISATION AND STRUCTURE
Differences in bacteria, eukaryotes and archaea.
Prokaryotes:
Lack membrane bound organelles
Presences of a single, circular chromosome
Includes - Bacteria and Archaea
Eukaryotes:
Nucleus have membrane bound organelles
Ester linkages
Archaea:
Single lipid layer membrane
Membranes do not contain the same lipids that other organisms do.
Membranes formed from isoprene chains
Found in extreme places
Membranes formed of glycerol linked to hydrocarbon chains by ether linkages.
Bacteria:
Ester linkages
People
Antony Van Leeuwenhoek - first to describe living cells - animacules
Robert Brown - the nucleus
Matthias Scheiden - Different parts of the plant organism are composed of cells
Theodor Schwann - all living things are composed of cells and cell products.
Robert Remark - Cell membrane and cell division
Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow - Every cell comes from pre existing cell
Robert Hooke - first person to use the word cell to describe a basic unit of life.