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Chapter 9 Review (Nicholas Delor) (Definitions (Cation (Atom or group of…
Chapter 9 Review (Nicholas Delor)
Acid Naming Rules
When the anion name ends in -ite, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix -ous, followed by the word acid.
When the anion name ends in -ate, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix -ic followed by the word acid.
When the name of the anion (X) ends in -ide, the acid name begins with the prefix hyro-. The stem of the anion has the suffix -ic and is followed by the word acid.
Common Acids
Nitric Acid (HNO3)
Acetic Acid (CH3COOH)
Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4)
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
Carbonic Acid (H2CO3)
Common Polyatomic Ions
Charge = 2-
Sulfate (SO42-)
Carbonate (CO32-)
Sulfite (SO32-)
Chromate (CrO42-)
Oxalate (C2O42-)
Dichromate (Cr2O72-)
Hydrogen Phosphate (HPO42-)
Silicate (SiO32-)
Charge = 3-
Phosphite (PO33-)
Phosphate (PO43-)
Charge = 1-
Nitrate (NO3-)
Cyanide (CN-)
Nitrite (NO2-)
Hydroxide (OH-)
Hydrogen Carbonate (HCO3-)
Permanganate (MnO4-)
Hydrogen Sulfate (HSO4-)
Hypochlorite (ClO-)
Hydrogen Sulfite (HSO3-)
Acetate (C2H3O2-)
Chlorate (ClO3-)
Dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4-)
Perchlorate (ClO4-)
Chlorite (ClO2-)
Charge = 1+
Ammonium (NH4+)
Definitions
Cation
Atom or group of atoms having a positive charge.
Law of definite composition (H20 = 18g)
In any chemical compound, the masses of elements are always in the same proportion by mass.
Anion
Atom or group of atoms having a negative charge.
Polyatomic
Consists of multiple atoms witha net positive of negative charge.
Ion
Consists of a single atom with a positive or negative charge.