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Death-Bed Gifts (major DBG class: Donatio Mortis Causa (Classic Criteria:…
Death-Bed Gifts
Tips & Tricks
STILL no Crowbars!
minor DBG class:
Strong v Bird
Expansion
James: and also Administrators
Freeland: immediate(ish) will do (NB not on facts)
Stewart: Gifts
CLASSIC CRITERIA
(2) Continuing Intention to Give (to Death)
(3) Donee is made a PR - Executor or Administrator
(1) Immediate Imperfect Gift
(Property must survive Death)
Root Case:
Strong
Ruling
Issues
Facts
CRITICISM
To Trusts??
Re Ralli
Random?
Jaconelli
General Nature
Wills Acts' workings
Parliamentary Sovereignty?
Policy(s) inc vs Fraud
Principle(s)
Seems not too uncommon ...
Usually Informal
major DBG class:
Donatio Mortis Causa
Classic Criteria: Cain v Moon
(2) Conditional on Death
Can infer:
Gardner
Easily enough from facts: Sen
Traditional Words not needed but ...
SO absolute immediate Gift CANNOT be DMC ...
... but might be
Strong v Bird?
Recovery auto-Revokes -
Staniland
Also can Expressly:
Ward v Turner
Note Scots logic: Certain Death
excludes
DMC:
LA v McCourt
Not so in England & Wales eg
Sen
(3) Delivery of Property/ Indicia
KEYS
... but not always - Woodard discussion
Lillingston = access to ...
Often eg Sen ...
Check other possible Indicia: Weston ....
Substance > Form
- Sen, Weston, Birch
Quaere re Postal Rule? - Miller says 'No' ...
Care re Context: Trimmer v Danby (1856) - a hard case?
Physical = Ideal (Cain)
at least some forms of Constructive Delivery ....
(1) Contemplation of Death: King v Chiltern
CAN infer if clear -
Gardner v Parkes
Need not be ACTUAL cause of (soon) Death -
Wilkes v Allington
IMPENDING peril
Sickness, Dangerous Journey, etc ..
Not
Necessarily
Imminent (but that helps!)
- King
May not include Suicide? - Discuss ...
Principle
Objective? King (CA) - but ...
BOTH? - Heald (and ...)
Subjective? Vallee - OVERRULED
See also Re Craven's Estate
Policy Concerns
Danger of Fraud (Facts of King/ Sen?)
Wills Act (King)
Certainty
General Nature
"Amphibious"
King/ Beaumont
Conditional BUT retro-Absolute
Particular kinds of Property
Shares:
Staniland
assumes
Cheques:
Beaumont
LAND
Sen OKs Unregistered eg Title Deeds
What are Indicia of Registered Land??
Traditional Scenario(s)
Related Issues
Capacity
Needs to Continue:
Agnew/ Dudman
Sed quaere: Borkowski
Varies with Size:
Beaney
Formalities
ss.53(1)(b),(c) etc
Substance > Form
Constitution
Maxims of Equity
Equity Will Not Assist a Volunteer ... (
Milroy
)
... but will not ... officiously defeat a Gift (
Choithram
)
Trusts
Other Rules
Re Rose [1952] (CA)
Pennington v Waine [2002] (CA)
Gifts
Policy
