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Emotions (computing emotions (ITERA (A computational account of how media…
Emotions
computing emotions
emotions nothing to do with computations
computers used to model emotional processing in brain, but emotions is not really computational
emotions as a general function of computational intelligence, so they can arise in any sufficiently complex computer or robot
ITERA
intuitive thinking in environmental risk appraisal
A computational account of how media information about a environmental problems influence cognition and emotion
following appraisal theory of emotions: negative event will lead to sadness if it is caused by a situational forces outside of anyone´s control
environmental accident will lead to anger if someone is responsible for the negative event
itera is given input concerning whether or not an accident was observed to involve damage, human agency, controllability and other factors
if then predicts a reaction of sadness or anger depending on their overall coherence with the observed of the accdident
HOTCO
differs from other models in that each unit is given a valance, representing its emotional value, in addition to the normal activation, representing its applicability to the current situation
wallende spread through network lie acivations proving an overall emotional assesment of a thing, concept or situation
proposition that you have exam tomorrow might get high activation representing its truth and negative valence representing how you feel about it
HOTCO AND ITERAuse local units that are not sole rea neurons, neglect division of brain functions areas
GAGE
neurocomputational model of emotional desicion making
uses distributed representations of input and stimuli and associated emotions, relies on spiking properties of neurons to provide temporal coordination of activities of different brain areas
EMA
Appraisal derivation process: interpret representation of person- environment relation to derive set of appraisal variables
1.
causal interpretations: agents view of how its relates to the environment and consists of beliefs, intentions, plans, probabilities etc.
encodes input, intermediate results, and output of inferential processes that mediate between agents goals and physical, social environment
knowledge changes, moment to moment in response to observation of inference
2.
emotion derivation: appraisal to produce emotional response
all significant features in causal interpretation appraised separately, simultaneously, and automatically
appraisal frame maintains a continuously updated set of appraisal values associated with each proposition: perspective, relevance, desirability, likelihood, expectedness, causal attribution, controllability, changeability
mood acts as a proxy for certain sub-symbolic (brain/bodily responses)-->appraisal informed agents copying strategy biased by overall mood
3.
behavioral consequence process, coping strategies (triggered by emotion)
moment to moment coping response is selected automatically by simple activation- based focus of attention, with the appraisal frame that determines to cope as the most recently accessed such frame with the highest mood- adjusted intensity
Affect consequences
attention- retained coping: attention to a feature in enviroment thereby altering emotional state: seeking to suppress ino
belief- related coping: alterations to belief states in order to modulate these emotional states (shift responsibility)
desire related coping: regulates emotion by altering goal priorities (unimportant to do well)
intention related coping: regulates emotions by altering intentions or by taking actions (plan to study)
Study: automatic activation of emotional attitudes attachted to concepts
disgusting and needed to evaluate as quickly as possible whether the word meant good or bad
faster answer when the prime concept fits emotionally with evaluative words >closely tied with the representation of concepts and objects
people also associate emotions with proposistions, analogues and images
Attitude towards different rules that you have learned is represented by emotions that you assosiate with them
2 dimensions: pleasure and arousal
correlate with bodily reactions
high arousal corresponds to more extreme physicalogical changes
correlate with cog. appraisal of the situation that promts the emotion
Theories differ as to which components are trated as intrisic to an emotion
discrete theories of emotion
dimensional theories of emotion
appraisal theories of emotion > person environmen relationship
judgements about once´s general state
emotions reconnected with goal accomplishment (attain goals: happy, fail: disappointment) > personal problem solving situation
summary appraisal that makes important contributions to subsequent thinking
leads to focus on aspects
provide readiness for action
emotions are inherently dynamic, linked to both the world´s dynamics and the dynamics of the individuals physiological, cognitive, behavioral processes
serves to illustrate rich dynamics of emotions processes and range of eliciting conditions that induce emotions
dove example: there is an interruption of current attention, cognitive processes, and physical responses that shift and recruit resoruces to deal with a new threatening situation
oriente and coordinate group response