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Unit 6: How Secure was the USSR's control over Eastern Europe (Poland…
Unit 6: How Secure was the USSR's control over Eastern Europe
Poland Solid
Problems in Poland
At this time Poland's economy was in really bad shape. the price for food was going way up, wages not rising along with price of good, and overall the economy was shrinking with foreign debt increasing
The Solutions
Trade unions were organized to demand change, while this the Communist governments were cracking down on union strikes. Solidarity was one of these union strikes making 21 demands like: more pay, freedom of speech, broadcast of Catholic church etc. These demands were all met and because of this it grew quickly gaining over 5.9 million supporters in 5 months. One of the true leaders, Lech Walesa gave interviews gaining the world's attention.
USSR Response
The USSR was not happy about this and sent tanks and troops on the border of Poland and encouraged Jarucelski to declare martial law and arresting 150,000 Solidarity members illegally.
Results
Solidarity calls strikes and boycotts the government and continued to broadcast radio program making Lech Walesa the official leader of Poland
Hungarian Uprising
Why they hated communism
What did they do about it
Berlin Wall
USSR Collapse
Wanting To Reform The USSR
Economy was weak due to overspending on the Arms Race and the war in Afghanistan and no new ideas since Stalin. Because of this, life was low in the USSR making citizens not trust the government and standards lowering, and the corrupt government.
Gorbachev Reforms
Gorbachev still wanted communism but tried to make it better by using glasnost, media less restrictions and perestroika, some elements of capitalist countries to fix the country. He also decreased defense spending making him cut the amount soldiers were getting paid, taking troops out of Afghanistan and met up with Reagan 3 times to remove nuclear weapons.
Aftermaath
In 1985, Gorbachev tells Warsaw Pact to do whatever they please with their countries/states. In 1988, he also withdraws the Red Army from Eastern Europe, 15 republics began their independence and in 1991, the USSR had collapsed.
Prague Spring
Wanting To Revolt in Czechoslovakia
There was only one opposition group to get them out of the Warsaw Pact in Czech. and wanted to get away from the Soviet Union troops and secret police making it hard for censorship and freedom of speech.
USSR Response
The USSR tried various of methods to cslm Dubeck down as troops
Aftermath
There was little violence resistance as 70 died and Dubeck was demoted to show other Eastern Europe would not get the freedom