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(workbook 3b) (changes (ISOSTATIC- level of the land changes (local),…
(workbook 3b)
changes
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causes:
- land rises and falls
- glaciation
- global warming (anthropogenic)
- tectonic movement
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20,000 years ago, since the last ice age, there has been a eustatic rise
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reasons for changes
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OROGENSIS- when fold mountains are formed due to tectonic uplift at subduction zones and constructive plate boundaries
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Landforms of Submergence
Rias
The Solva, Pembrokeshire, South West Wales
deepest at the mouth, right angled to the coast, v-shaped
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Fjords
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steep valley sides, u shaped cross section, straight and narrow
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Landforms of Emergence
Raised Beaches
Gruinard Bay, Sutherland, Scotland
cliff behind has erosional evidence, well vegetated
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Marine Platform
St Govan's Head, Pembrokeshire, South West Wales
gently sloped gradient, former wave-cut platform
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causes of global warming
- greenhouse gases emitted by humans
- from combustion of fossil fuels in cars, factories and electricity production
- mainly co2
- deforestation
- industrial revolution
why predictions are uncertain
- not certain how much fossil fuel we burn
- sea levels don't stay the same
- temperatures vary
- countries may try to mitigate
- isostatic and eustatic balance
impacts of sea level change
- Flooding- habitats and ecosystems destroyed, affects flora and fauna
- melting ice caps
- soil contamination- salinization, reduces yields, sea worse than rivers
- evacuation- relocation, disruption
- coastal plants affected- e.g power plants- economic
- erosion increase- threatens habitats
- thermal expansion
- infrastructure damage
- wetland flooding
IPCC (international panel on climate change)
- show changes over the last 300 years
- 1901-1990- increase in sea level of 1.5mm
- 1993-2010- increase in sea level of 3.2mm
projections- by the end of the century
- low= 0.5mm
- intermediate= 1m
- high= 2m
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