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Over Nutrition - Obesity (Obesity is complex (Social influences,…
Over Nutrition - Obesity
Overweight and obesity are both chronic conditions that the the result of energy imbalance over a period of time
The cause of the energy imbalance can be due to a combination of several different factors and varies from one person to another
Individual behaviours, environmental factors, and genetics all contribute to the complexity to the obesity epidemic.
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Energy balance - Macronutrients = basal metabolism, thermic effect of food, physical activity, non-exercise thermogenesis
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Protein used for tissue synthesis, excess used as energy or stored as fat
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Obese individuals with an android (or apple) distribution of body fat are at greater risk for diabetes and heart disease than were those with gynoid distribution (pear)
Android fat distribution results in higher free fatty acid level, higher glucose and insulin levels and reduced HDL levels. Also results in higher BP and inflammatory markers
Half of the children today are going to be obese by age 35. An obese 2 year old has a 3/4 chance of being obese at 35yrs. An obese 9 year old has a 9/10 change of being obese at 35 years
Some causes of obesity/over nutrition could be: lower cost of energy dense food. Environment. Offers in the supermarket. psychological factors. Genetics. Increased portion sizes. More eating out of the home. Soft drinks. Fast food consumption. Convenience, people done have time to cook. Being less activity, sedentary lifestyle.
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Determinants of obesity in an individual are not necessarily those that drive the increase in the population