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Chapter 6 (6-10 describe how the structural and functional properties of…
Chapter 6
6-10 describe how the structural and functional properties of synovial joints permit the dynamic movement of the skeleton
Ball and socket joint
Most freely movable joints , hip and shoulder
Saddle joint
Thumb
Gliding joint
Intervertebral disc
Hinge joints
Permit flexion and extension only, elbow and knee
Pivot joints
Permit rotation
Condyloid joints
Permits all angular motion except rotation, wrist and knuckles
6-9 contrast the major categories of joints, and link they are structural features to joint functions
Synarthrosis - immovable
Amphiarthrosis - partially movable
Diarthrosis- freely movable
Three types
Fibrous
Sutures - short fibrous connective tissue fibers
Syndesmosis - cord of fibrous tissue cut a ligament
Gomphosis - tooth within its bony socket
Synovial
Fluid filled joint cavity
Cartilaginous
Synchondrosis
A plate of hyaline Cartlidge
Symphysis
Pad or a plate of fibrous cartilage
Articular Cartilage - hyaline cartilage covers the surface of each bone
Joint cavity - A potential space between the two bones
Articular Capsule - double layer capsule surrounding cavity
Synovial Fluid - viscous lubricating fluid with cavity
Reinforcing Ligaments - ligaments that strengthen joint
Bursa - flattened fibrous sacs with the synovial membrane and fluid to act as ball bearings to prevent friction on adjacent structures during joint activity
6-11 explain the relationship between joint structure and mobility of the representative axial and appendicular articulations
MCL
Tibial collateral ligament
LCL
Fibular collateral ligament
ACL
Anterior cruciate ligament
PCL
Posterior cruciate ligament
Kahoot Questions
The clavicle articulates with the manubrium
The appendicular skeleton contains 126 bones
6-8 Identify the bones of the pectoral and pelvic girdles and upper and lower limbs, and describe various functions
Pectoral Girdle-Clavicle and Scapulae
Upper limbs: Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Carpals (Capitate, Hamate, Pisiform, Triequestral, Lunate, Trapezoid, Trapezium, Scaphoid)
Pelvic girdle- ilium, ischium, pubis
Oburator Foramen
Acetabulum
Symphysis pubis-fibrocartilage disc
Lower limb
Femur