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diabetic neuropathy (pathophysiology (pathologic changes in nerve tissue…
diabetic neuropathy
pathophysiology
pathologic changes in nerve tissue are related to poor glucose control, ischaemic lesions of the nerves.
chemical changes in peripheral nerve cells, can be classified as mononeuropathy, which affects a single nerve or group of nerves
, plyneuropathy when it involves both sensory and autonomic nerves and autonomic neuropathy when it affects the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
nursing care plan
General measures
such as elevation of the head of the bed at night, increased salt day and water intake, eating more frequent small meals rather than a few large meals
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Give fluid as prescribed, intravenously and enteral
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Laboratory bookings of plasma electrolyte levels should also be done at regular intervals, CVP or pulmonary artery catheter to monitor fluid status, serum and urine osmolarity reading will assist in the monitoring of fluid status.
medical management
Relief of pain is difficult, but certain drugs may be tried; these include amitriptyline, carbamazepine, gabapentin,
mexiletine and topical capsaicin.an observation period of atleast 3-4 weeks should be practiced before changing over to another medication
signs and symptoms
numbness, muscle weakness, sharp pains increased sensitivity to touch, tingling or burning sensation.
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