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Different Types of Conservatism (Christian democracy (Supranationalism…
Different Types of Conservatism
Traditional Conservatism: Aftermath of French revolution
Burke's analysis
Pitt and Peel
Order and property
Antipathy for change
Tradition
Small communities
Organic
Empiricism
Paternal and aristocratic
Change to Conserve
George Canning
Catholic emancipation
Abolition of slavery
Latin American independence
Robert Peel
Harness interests of business
Supported Great Reform Act 1832
Representation of working classes
Property - less forces
Met Police
Traditional Conservatism: Emergence of One Nation
Disraeli and Bismarck
All members of the same national family
Revolutionary politics represented an attack on the nation itself
Social and political progress could be achieved harmoniously
Disraeli
Embraced class differences
Unity rather than rupture
Nation alternative to status quo
Scorn on links between workers of one nation and others
Updated Burke's notion of organic affinity
Neither advocate philanthropy on society 'haves'
State sponsored social reform
Tempered effects of laissez - faire capitalism
Factory Act 1874
Traditional Conservatism: Response to Egalitarianism and Fascism
Soviet Union
Threat posed by egalitarianism
Extension of franchise 1918
Extension of Labour
Challenged belief of private property, hierarchy and modern reform
Temper effects of capitalist economy
'Middle Way'
Economic equality
Respect property rights, cultural tradition, national identity
Sanction state intervention
Supported Social Acts
One Nation
Big Government
Opportunist and pragmatic
Win voters
Christian democracy
Post - war European conservatism
Judaeo - Christian morality as a binding force
Authority and hierarchy
Some commitment to social conservatism: marriage and family life
Scepticism towards free - market economics
Acceptance of an enlarged state
Distinction
Nation - State
Nazism
Supranationalism
Schuman
Limited economic integration
Region > Nation?
New Right Conservatism
American export
Individual freedom
Laissez - faire capitalism
Private property
Minimal government
Essentially liberal
Mixed with Christian morality
Crisis of traditional conservatism
Inflation, unemployment, unstable spending, increased crime, moral laxity, ungovernable
Ended postwar consensus
Keynesian economics, state welfare and social liberalism
Complicit to economic and welfare problems
Challenged by Thatcher and Reagan
New Right Conservatism: two dimensional doctrine
Neo - Liberalism
Extend individual freedom
Rolling back the frontier
Free market economy
Nozick and Rand
Economic growth
Tax reduction, tighter government spending, end dependency, deregulation, neutering of obstructive bodies
Neo - Conservatism
Restoration of authority
National identity
Judaeo - Christian morality
Tougher law and order approach
Robust national defence
Less immigration tolerance
Anti - permissive social policies
Contradictory doctrine?
NL: roll back (privatisation) NC:roll forward (Union restriction)
NL: Individual liberty (income tax cuts) NC: Restrict (Police power)
NL: Relaxed immigration (Rand) NC: Wary (1960s swamp)
NL: Minimise spending NC: Increase for profile (Nuclear deterrent & Falklands)
Blend
Liberal mugged by reality
Alternative sources of support
Tradition
Strengthen state