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Chapter 27: Biomes (The Current World Biomes (Moist Temperate Biomes…

- - - - giant long-lived conifers
      - Redwoods of California
      - northwest coast of united states
    - - Montane Forest
      - Cascade Mountains and the Sierra Nevada
      - lower in elevations but holds pine and some oaks
    - - Cold winters and warm (not hot) summers
      - Rocky Mountains
    - - Evergreen forest
      - Florida Panhandle
      - Frequent fires
  - - - All of North America
      - "Prairie"
      - Oklahoma
    - - Similar to forest except the trees are widely spaced
      - Savanna if grass grows in-between trees
      - Chaparral in California
    - - Less than 25 cm/year of rain fall
      - Arizona and New Mexico
      - own distinct vegetation
    - - the highest point at which trees survive on a mountain or "Timberline"
      - 4,500 m or if cold 3,500 m
      - Mt. Washington in New Hampshire
  - - - Permafrost
      - short growing season, less than 3 months
      - 80% of plant's biomass may be below ground
    - - just south of the arctic tundra
      - Canada
      - almost exclusively coniferous
  - - - Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Guam
      - over 200 cm/year
      - rain everyday
    - - lower rainfall develop as thorn-scrub
      - Africa
      - Most trees are flat-tops
- - - - Desert islands
      - rain shadow
- - - - Gondwanaland
    - - Laurasia and Pangaea
      - Laurasia took 400 million years to make
      - Pangaea was 225 million years ago
    - - Tethys Sea
        
        Was 65 million years ago