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Chapter 12: Consequences of Prejudice (Consequences of Prejudice for Those…
Chapter 12: Consequences of Prejudice
The Consequences of Prejudice
Prejudicial attitudes can lead to discriminatory behaviours
Majority group members tend to compare the present with the oppressive past and to perceive swift and radical progress
Whereas minority members tend to compare the present with their ideal world, which has not yet been realized
Subtle influence of prejudice on discrimination appears to be even more widespread
This leads to exaggerated reactions to isolated minority persons – overpraising their accomplishments, over criticizing their mistakes etc.
Prejudice Based on Gender
Strong gender stereotypes exist, and, as often happens, members of the stereotyped group accept the stereotypes
Overall, experiments have not demonstrated any overall tendency to devalue women’s work
Overt prejudice against race and women is far less common today than it was in the mid-twentieth century
Consequences of Prejudice for Those Who Face It
Pre-judgments are self-perpetuating
Whenever a members of a group behaves as expected, we duly note the fact, our prior belief is confirmed
Subtyping
accommodating groups of individuals who deviate from one’s stereotype by thinking of them as a special category of people with different properties
Subgrouping
accommodating groups of individuals who deviate from one’s stereotype by forming a new stereotype about this subset of the group
One such effect of prejudice is that feeling distinctive leads people to feeling self-conscious
People vary in stigma consciousness – in how likely they are to expect that others will stereotype them
Stereotype threat
a disruptive concern, when facing a negative stereotype, that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype
Negative stereotypes disrupt performance and positive stereotypes facilitate performance
People often evaluate individuals more positively than the groups they compose
Given (1) general information about a group
(2) trivial but vivid information about a particular group member, the vivid information usually over whelms the effect of the general information
Strong and relevant stereotypes, do however, colour our judgments of individuals as well as groups
Reactions to Prejudice and Stereotyping
In general, the more that people believe they experience discrimination, the more anxious and depressed they are
One way groups protect self-esteem is by attributing the negative evaluations they face in specific situations to prejudice
Women generally do not feel they are discriminated against – discrimination is something other women face