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Chapter 6-7Cell Tour and Plasma Membrane (Prokaryotic Cells (Bactria…
Chapter 6-7Cell Tour and Plasma Membrane
Microscopy
Magnification-"Ratio of an objects image size to it s real size."
Contrast-"Difference in brightness between the light and dark image.
Resolution-"Measure of the Clarity of the image"
Light Microscope
Phase Contrast-amplified contrast in unstained cells
Flouresence -absorb ultraviolet radiation.
Brightfield
Stained-enhance contrast
untstained-ligth pass through the specimens
Confocal-optical sectioning
Electron Microscope
T-EM(Transmission Electron Microscopy)-thin section of a specimens, study of internal structural of the cells.
S-EM(Scanning electron microscope)-3-D image of the surface
Eukaryotic Cells
"True nucleus"
Chloroplast (Photosynthetic
Mitochondria cellular respiration ATP
Cell Wall
Animal Cells/Plant Cells
Movement and motility/ cell division
Cytoskeleton
Micro tubules
Centrosomes -responsible for making mitotic spindle. pair of 2 centrioles,
Flagella
Cilia
Cenrioles-9-3 microtubules pattern.
Micro fillaments
Protein (Actin) muscle contraction, cytoplamic streaming, phagocytosis, tensile strength
Intermediate Fillament
Several protein
tensile strenght, increase stability, bind cells together.
Power house of the cell
Mithochodria
Energy Conversions
cellular respiration
Chloroplast
Connection
Cellular
ECM
Cell Junction
Desmosomes
Gap Junction
Tight Junctions
Endo-membrane System
Lysosomes
Digestion of the cells
Phagocytosis
engulf smaller organisms or food particles
autophagy
recycle of its own organic materials
Macrophages
a type of white blood cell that helps defends
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough ER
Glycoprotei-protein with carbohydrate covalently boded to them.
Membrane factory of the cells, it replicate of protein/ phospholipids.
Secrete proteins that are produced by ribosomes attached to rough ER
Smooth ER
Help detoxify drugs and poisons esp. in liver cells
Store Calcium
Enzymes in Smoot ER important in snthesis of lipids, including oils, and steroid
Vacuole
Contractile Vacoules
pump water out of the cell "Ion concentration inside the cells"
Central Vocoules
Found in plants
Food Vacoule
Nuclear Membrane
Golgi Apparatus
Cis
"On the same side"(Recieving)-located near ER
Trans
"On the opposite side" (Shipping)-Travel to the other side
Shipping and Receiving of the cell
Plamodesmata in Plant cells
Cell Wall of plants
Prokaryotic Cells
"No nucleus"
No membrane bound organelles
Simple
Cynobacteria (blue-green algea) Photosynthetic.
Peptidogylcan (Cell wall called in Bacteria)
Virus
Bactria
baccilus
Spiral
cocci
Membrane
Transport/Plasma Membrane
Passive
No Energy require
Diffusion
Equillibrium
facitlitated-require transport protein
Carrier Protein
Change shape to allow to cross
Channel Proteins
tunnel, nothing happened to molecules
Aquaporins-water movement
Osmosis Water movement
Active
Require ATP
Co-transport
Semiport(Same Side)
Antiport(Opposite Side)
Low to High Concentration
Bulk Transport
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Pinocytosis-Cell Drinking
Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis
Receptor proteins
Phagocytosis-Eat Cells
Type of Active Transport
Phospolipids
Amphipatic
Hydrophillic (Water loving mostly polar)
Hydrophobic (Afraid of water mostly non-polar)
outer of the cells
Fluid mosaic model-bobbing in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids