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Carboxlic acids (How carboxylic acids are produced (If wine is left open…
Carboxlic acids
How carboxylic acids are produced
If wine is left open to air... it turns into a vinegar due to a reaction between ethanol and oxygen.
the product is ethanoic acid.
When ethanol reacts with oxygen it's
oxidised
to form water and ethnic acid
This occurs naturally due to the presence of certain bacteria.
Vinegar can be made from any dilute ethanol solution like wine, cider or beer
Ethanoic acid is a member of a homologous series called
carboxylic acids
the first 4 member of the group are:
Methanoic acid
HCOOH
Ethanoic acid
CH3COOH
Propanoic acid
C2H5COOH
Butanoic acid
C3H7COOH
What do carboxylic acids have in common
All Carboxylic acids have the general formula
C
n
H
2n+1
COOH
They also contain the same
functional group -COOH
They are often formed by gentle oxidising alcohols using
oxidising agents
such as hot copper oxide
For example:
C
3
H
7
OH + CuO ---> C
2
H
5
COOH + H
2
O + Cu
(That means)
Propanol + Copper(II) oxide ---> Propanoic acid +water + copper
They all have similar chemical properties:
-Form solutions with a pH less than 7 (if soluble)
-react with metals to form a salt and hydrogen
-react with bases to form a salt and water
-react with carbonates to form a salt, water and carbon dioxide
The acidic properties are due to the presence of the -COOH group
In the solution this group forms a hydrogen ion, while the rest of the molecule forms the negative ion that makes the salt.
