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Lymphatic/Immune System Ana Chen Period 1 Ms. Yang Honors Anatomy (Anatomy…
Lymphatic/Immune System Ana Chen Period 1 Ms. Yang Honors Anatomy
Major functions of the
Lymphatic & Immune systems
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM: rids the body of toxins and unwanted material
IMMUNE SYSTEM: works to protect the body from bacteria, disease and pathogens through the cells and lines of defense.
disorders of the Immune system
Cancer: caused by the uncontrolled growth of immune cells, different types of cells that are unrestricted mutations cause different diseases such as lymphoma or leukemia
Asthma: immune response to substances that are usually not harmful, like self attacking
HIV: destroys the t cells in the immune system which deteriorates the immune system.
Anatomy of the lymphatic system
Spleen: filter blood of damaged cells, cellular debris, and pathogens
Tonsils: house lymphocytes and other white blood cells called macrophages
Thymus: promote the development of specific cells of the immune system called T-lymphocytes.
Bone Marrow: production of blood cells: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets and generate lymphocytes
Lymph Nodes: filter lymph of pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, and house lymphocytes
Lymphatic Vessels: absorbs fluid that diffuses from blood vessel capillaries into surrounding tissues and transports lymph vessels to lymph nodes
humoral vs. cellular response
Humoral immunity is also called antibody-mediated immunity. With assistance from helper T cells, B cells will differentiate into plasma B cells that can produce antibodies against a specific antigen. The humoral immune system deals with antigens from pathogens that are freely circulating, or outside the infected cells. Thus, humoral immunity differs from cellular response because it directly impacts the antigen while humoral deals with the cleanup of the excess.
antigens and antibodies
Antigens: any substance that stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies. can be bacteria, viruses, or fungi that cause infection and disease
Antibodies: proteins manufactured by the body that help fight against foreign substances called antigens. Often Y shaped.
Innate/natural immune defenses and Adaptive/acquired immune defenses;
Innate defense: nonspecific defense mechanisms that work immediately or within hours of an antigen's appearance in the body. These mechanisms include physical barriers such as skin, chemicals in the blood, and immune system cells that attack foreign cells in the body.
adaptive defense: created in response to exposure to a foreign substance. Once activated against a specific type of antigen, the immunity remains throughout the life of the individual. This defense is only used when innate defense does not work to kill the antigen