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Alzheimer's (Risk Factors (Homozygous for ApoE E4 allele (increases…
Alzheimer's
Risk Factors
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Vascular risk factors e.g. hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, AF
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Signs
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Agnosia = doesn't recognise self in mirror, late disease
Irritability, aggression, disinhibition - late disease
Pathophysiology
Defective clearance of beta-amyloid plaques by macrophages relates to altered macrophage gene expression
Neuronal loss is selective - confined to hippocampus, amygdala, subcortical nuclei, temporal neocortex
Accumulation leads to progressive neuronal damage, neurofibrillary tangles, increased amyloid plaques and loss of ACh
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Treatment
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Prevention: by exercise, healthy diet, no smoking, low alcohol intake, be socially active
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Investigations
6CIT test for cognitive function e.g. what year is it, count backwards from 20, repeat 5 part address
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