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HIATUS HERNIA hiatal hernia (NURSING CARE PLAN (Give antiacids according…
HIATUS HERNIA
DEFINITION
also known as the diaphragmatic hernia is a condition in which
which a portion of the stomach herniates through
oesophageall opening of the diaphram that has become weak
and or enlarged into the lower end of the thoracic cavity
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Dyspnoea
flatulence and belching
feeling of fullness
Dysphagia
Heart burn
severe burning pain caused by bending over
CAUSES
structural changes(weakness of the muscle around oesophagogastric opening)
including congenital muscle weakness
there are no known causes but the contributory factors
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
the muscles in the diaphragm encircles oesophageal junction
thus the stomach is prevented from from ascending into thoracic cavity
Part of the stomach herniates upward into mediastinal cavity through
a weakness in the diaphragm caused by trauma
or loss of muscle tone
PHARMOTHERAPHY
Antiacids should be given after every meal and at bedtime
H2 receptor blockers
proton pump inhibitors
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
Oesophagoscopy
A biopsy
barium swallow
ECG
NURSING CARE PLAN
Give antiacids according to the prescription
Patient must be encouraged to eat evening meals 3 hours before going to bed
To relieve pain by giving analgesia
Encourage patient to avoid smoking and drinking
Assume an upright of fowler's position
avoid bending, heavy lifting,
Encourage patient to join group to reduce weight if overweight
DIET
eat high in fibre meals
drink lots of water
small, frequent, bland meals
