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LATE MIDDLE AGES (Political changes (Consquences (Cities were freed (from…
LATE MIDDLE AGES
Political changes
Monarchs got money
from the taxes
obtained by urban trade
Autonomy
monarchs benefited cities
grantig them fueros
City goverments
hanging out justice
ensuring safety
organising markets
collecting taxes
Consquences
Cities were freed
from the
Feudal system
Urban representatives
were integrated
into the parliament
Some cities became
powerful as a
result of
commercial prosperity
Monarchs became more powerful
increased their milotary power
The parliament or cortes
advised the monarch
on the introduction
of new taxes
called by the monarch
included representatives of the 3 states
the clergy
bourgeoisie and peasants
the nobility
Estates general
France
Parliament
England
Diet
Germany
Cortes
Christian Kingdoms
of the Iberian Peninsula
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS
Economic developments
Influenced by factors
Sackings and invasions
Agricultural production increased
Population grew
Trade developed
Economic transformations
Agriculture
Increase production
Population grew
Craftmanship developed
more goods prodeced
more handmade goods
Increase in trade
Economic power of the cities grew
cities=boroughs/ inhabitants of the city=bourgeoisie
Trade and Craftmanship
circulation os money increased
Promissory notes appeared
Bankers lent money
In exchange for interest
increased their economic power
Development of markets
and permanent shops
Guilds
associations to protect its interests
created by traders
and craftcradftsmen
Urban Populations
Upper Nobility
lived in palaces
lived off the
income their lands provided
Wealthy Bourgeoisie
richest families
traders and bankers
Urban Clergy
mendicant orders appeared
such as
The Franciscans
The Dominicans
Petite Bourgeoisie
consisted of small-scale
traders
Lower Nobility
consisted of the hidalgos
Jews
lived separate
in neighbourhoods called
Jewish quartiers
Servant
Slaves (nobles servants)
beggars
The other city inhabitants
LIFE IN THE CITY
Problems in Medieval cities
Frequent fires
What made the cities susceptible for fire?
Use of wood in the buildings
narrow streets
absence of fire prevention measures
Absence os hygiene
no systems to collect waste
rubbish was thrown by residents
accumulated in the streets
The lack of hygiene
contributed to
The spread of disease
and epidemics
Buildings
Main ones
town hall and the church
The exchange
were trade agreements
were made
Most important citied had
cathedral
hospitals
a university
public baths
and fortifications
Houses and palaces
richest inhabitants
luxurious palaces
rest of the population
buildings made of
adobe wood
Cities divided
into neighbourhoods
according to
Religion
Economic activity
The crisis of the Late Middle Ages
Political, economic and social crisis
caused by
Wars
military conflicts increased
Tax increases
worsened the economic situation
os the peasants
and petite bourgeoisie
Peasant revolts
against the Feudal lords
they rebelled against
the abuses of the Feudal lord
Epidemics
Black Death
It killed
1/3 of the European population
reduced
agricultural and urban workforce
affecting production
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Urban revolts
against the leaders of the cities
Their objetive was
be able to participate in
the city governments
They also rebelled
against the taxes
they had to pay
Agricultural crisis
decrease in agricultural production
malnutrition and hunger
Religious Persecution
social discontent
was expressed through
the persecution of minorities
of a different religion
Persecution of the Jews
their neighbourhoods were attacked
accompanied by
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Persecution of converts
Jews converted to Christianity
accused of being false converts