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7. MATTER AND FORCES (MATTER (1. PROPERTIES (Specific: make the objects…
7. MATTER AND FORCES
MATTER
Anything that has
mass
and
volume
.
1. PROPERTIES
Specific
: make the objects good for different uses.
Flexibility
: objects that are flexible don't bend; while rigid objects do.
Resistance
: resistant objects don't break, but fragile do.
Hardness
: strong objects don't get scratched, but soft objects do.
Conductivity
: insulating objects don't conduct heat; but conductive objects do.
DENSITY
: is the relationship between mass and volume
General
:
Volume
: space taken up.
Mass
: amount of matter.
2. TYPES
Pure substance:
matter made out of
one
compound.
Mixture
: this matter out made up of
more than one
compound.
Types
:
Heterogenous mixture
: the compounds can be identified.
Homogeneous mixture
: the compounds can't be identified.
Solutions
:
Types of solutions
:
2 liquids
1 liquid + 1 solid
1liquid + 1 gas
Component of solutions
:
Solvent
: The substance with more quantity
Solute
: the substance with less quantity
Separation
:
Filtration
: for hetrogenous mixtures of a liquid and a solid. You can use a filter.
Destilitation
: for homogenous mixtures of liquids. You can collect the evaporated liquids.
Evaporation
: for homogenous mixtures of a liquid and a solid.
3. CHANGES IN MATTER
Physical changes
: the composition of the matter doesn't change.
Changes in temperature
= changes of state.
Heating
Fusion
: from solid to liquid
Evaporation
: from liquid to gas.
Cooling
Solidification
: from liquid to solid.
Condensation
: from gas to liquid.
Application of forces
= movement or shape.
movement
deformation
breakage
Chemical changes
: the composition of the matter does change.
Components:
Reactants
: are the substances that go through the transformation.
Product
: the resulting substances
Types
:
Oxidation
: occurs with the reaction of a substance with oxygen.
Fermentation
: occurs with lack of oxygen.
Combustion
: is a very quick oxidation, and results in burning. The substances that can burn are called
comustibles
.
4. FORCES
Interaction between bodies
CLASSIFICATION
Contact forces
: the objects have to touch
Non-contact forces
: the bodies don't have to touch
Forces change how bodies move
Creation of movement
Increase / decrease of speed
Changes in direction
Forces cause deformation and breakage
Elastic bodies
: return to their previous shape when there is no force applied.
Plastic bodies
: do not go back to their previous shape when the force stops acting.
Rigid bodies
: tend to break, not bend
5. MATERIALS
Matter is made of materials
.
PROPERTIES
Elasticity
: elastic/malleable
Transparency
: transparent/opaque
Impermeability
: permeable/impermeable
Strenght
: strong/fragile
