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female hormonal drugs (Estrogens (estropipate (contraindications…

- - - - Estrogens are transcription factors; they modify messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis directly.
      - Estrogens enter the cell passively (no receptor required) and bind to estrogen receptors in the nucleus, which then dimerize and bind DNA directly to regions called estrogen-responsive elements (EREs) and influence gene transcription.
      - The primary source of estrogens in premenopausal women is the ovary, which normally secretes 0.07 to 0.5 mg of estradiol daily, depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle. After menopause estrone is the primary circulating estrogen; it is derived from the peripheral conversion of androstenedione by an aromatase enzyme found in adipose tissues.
    - - treatment of premenopausal females with estrogen deficiency due to hypogonadism or primary ovarian failure.
      - osteoporosis prophylaxis in women due to menopause
      - treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes) of menopause and/or related genitourinary symptoms including atrophic vaginitis, vulvar atrophy (kraurosis vulvae), whether menopause is natural or surgical (e.g., due to oophorectomy
    - - Hereditary angioedema, history of angioedema
      - Breast cancer, hypercalcemia, new primary malignancy
      - Ovarian cancer
      - Endometrial cancer, endometrial hyperplasia, vaginal bleeding
      - Pregnancy
    - - Stomach upset, nausea/vomiting, bloating, breast tenderness, headache, or weight changes may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist prompt
    - - storage
        
        Store at controlled room temperature (between 68 and 77 degrees F)
        
        Ogen:
        
        Store at controlled room temperature (between 68 and 77 degrees F)
        
        Ortho-Est:
        
        Store at controlled room temperature (between 68 and 77 degrees F)
    - - Estropipate tablets are administered orally.
        Administer with or immediately after food to decrease nausea.
- - - - Medroxyprogesterone is also used as part of combination hormone replacement therapy with estrogens to reduce menopause symptoms (e.g., hot flashes). Medroxyprogesterone is added to estrogen replacement therapy to reduce the risk of cancer of the uterus.
      - Medroxyprogesterone acetate, administered parenterally in the recommended doses to women with adequate endogenous estrogen, transforms proliferative endometrium into secretory endometrium.
        Medroxyprogesterone acetate inhibits (in the usual dose range) the secretion of pituitary gonadotropin which, in turn, prevents follicular maturation and ovulation.
    - - Adjunctive therapy and palliative treatment of inoperable, recurrent, and metastatic endometrial or renal carcinoma.
    - - breakthrough bleeding
        
        spotting
        
        change in menstrual flow
        
        amenorrhea
        
        changes in cervical erosion and cervical secretions
        
        breast tenderness and galactorrhea
    - - CONTRAINDICATION
        
        Active thrombophlebitis, or current or past history of thromboembolic disorders, or cerebral vascular disease
        
        Known sensitivity to DEPO-PROVERA (medroxyprogesterone acetate or any of its other ingredients).
        
        pregnant women
    - - As with any intramuscular injection, to avoid an inadvertent subcutaneous injection, body habitus should be assessed prior to each injection to determine if a longer needle is necessary particularly for gluteal intramuscular injection.
    - - Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom).
- - - - GnRH induces the production and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the gonadotrophic cells of the anterior pituitary. Due to a positive estradiol (E2) feedback at midcycle, GnRH liberation is enhanced resulting in an LH-surge. This LH-surge induces the ovulation of the dominant follicle, resumption of oocyte meiosis and subsequently luteinization as indicated by rising progesterone levels.
    - - indicated for the inhibition of premature LH surges in women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation.
    - - CONTRAINDICATIONS
        
        Hypersensitivity to cetrorelix acetate, extrinsic peptide hormones or mannitol.
        
        Known hypersensitivity to GnRH or any other GnRH analogs.
        
        Known or suspected pregnancy, and lactation (see PRECAUTIONS).
        
        Severe renal impairment
    - - hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylactoid
      - redness, erythema, bruising, itching, swelling, and pruritus
    - - Cetrotide is for subcutaneous injection into the lower abdominal wall.
    - - Store in a refrigerator (2°C – 8°C); in the original package in order to protect from light. The unopened product may be stored in the original package at room temperature (not above 30°C) for up to three months.
        
        This product must be at room temperature prior to injection. Remove from the refrigerator approximately 30 minutes before use.
        
        Do not freeze or place next to the freezer compartment or a freezer pack.
- - - - This medication is used by women having certain fertility treatments (controlled ovarian stimulation). Ganirelix is usually used in combination with other hormones (FSH and hCG). It works by blocking the release of a certain hormone (luteinizing hormone). Ganirelix stops eggs from being released too early and gives the eggs time to grow properly.
    - - SIDE EFFECTS
        
        Abdominal or stomach pain
        
        bloating
        
        diarrhea
        
        rapid weight gain
    - - STORAGE
        
        Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.
        
        Keep out of the reach of children.
        
        Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.
        
        Throw away used needles and syringes in a hard, closed container that the needles cannot poke through. Keep this container away from children and pets.
        
        Ask your pharmacist, doctor, or nurse about the best way to dispose of any leftover medicine and other supplies.
    - - a mother who is producing milk and breastfeeding
      - Pregnancy
      - increased sensitivity to ranitidine
    - - component of infertility regimens (with recombinant follicle stimulating hormone [FSH], and human chorionic gonadotropin) to inhibit premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surges in patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.
    - - For oral administration for treatment of adults and children over 14 years daily dose is 300-450 mg;
      - IV or IM by 50-100 mg every 6-8 hours.