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media theorists (Y1 BARTHES - semiotics - the "study of how meaning…
media theorists
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Y1 TODOROV - narratology - all narratives share a basic structure that involves a movement from one state of equilibrium to another.
these two states of equilibrium are separated by a period of imbalance or disequilibrium
y1 NEALE - genre - the idea that genres may be dominated by repetition, but are also marked by difference, variation and change.
the idea that genres change, develop and vary as they borrow and overlap with others.
the idea that genres exist within specific economic, institutional and industrial backgrounds.
y2 BELL HOOKS - feminist theory and colour codes -feminism is a struggle to end sexist/patriarchal oppression and the ideology of domination
feminism is a policial commitment rather than a lifestyle choice
y2 BUTLER - gender performance theory - identity is performatively constructed by the very ‘expressions’ that are said to be its results (its manufactured through set of acts)
the idea that there is no gender identity behind the expressions of gender.
the idea that performativity is not a singular act, but a repetition and a ritual.
GILROY - ethnicity and post colonialism - colonial discourses continue to inform contemporary attitudes to race and ethnicity in the post colonial era. y2
HESMONDHALGH - cultural industries and conglomerate control - cultural companies try to minimise risk and maximise audiences through vertical, and horizontal integration, and by formatting their cultural products. y2
y2 VAN ZOONEN - the display of women’s bodies as objects to be looked at is a core element of western patriarchal culture.
y1 GAUNTLETT - identity - the media provides us with ‘tools’ or resources that we use to reconstruct our indentities
y1 BANDURA - social learning theory - the media can implant ideas in the mind of the audience directly
the idea that audiences can acquire attitudes, emotional responses and new styles of conduct through modelling
y2 BAUDRILLARD - post modernism - in postmodern culture the boundaries between the ‘real’ world and the worked of the media have collapsed and that it is no longer possible to distinguish between reality and simulation.
y1 CURRAN AND SEATON - power and media industries - the media is controlled by a small number of companies primarily driven by the logic of profit and power.
y1 GERBNER - cultivation - exposure to repeated patterns of representation over long periods of time can shape and influence the way in which people perceive the world around them
the idea that cultivation reinforces mainstream values (dominant ideologies).
y1 HALL - reception - communication is a process involving encoding by producers and decoding by audiences.
JENKINS - fandom - fans are active participants in the construction and circulation of textual meanings.
y2
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Livingstone and Lunt - regulation. - there is an underlying struggle in recent UK regulation policy between the need to further the interests of citizens (by offering protection from harm etc) and the need to further the interests of consumers y2
y1 HALL - representation - representation is the production of meaning through language, with language defined in its broadest sense as a system of signs
the idea that the relationship between concepts and signs is governed by codes
the idea that stereotyping reduces people to a few simple characteristics or traits.
y2 Levi strauss - structuralism -binary oppositions - used in films to help plots, make sense of stories etc.
Levi Strauss believed the way we understand words depends not on the meanings attributed, but by our understanding of the word in relation to its 'opposite'