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Short and long-term memory (Evaluation (The capacity of STM may be even…
Short and long-term memory
Keywords
capacity: this is a measure of how much can be held in memory. It is repeated in terms of bits of information, such as number of digits.
coding: the way information is changed so that it can be stored in memory. Information enters the brain via the senses. It is then stored in various forms, such as visual codes, acoustic codes or semantic codes.
duration: a measure how long a memory lasts before it is no longer available.
long-term memory: your memory for events that have happened in the past. This lasts anywhere from 2 minutes to 100 years. LTM has potentially unlimited duration and capacity and tends to be coded semantically.
short-term memory: your memory for immediate events. STMs are measured in seconds and minutes rather than hours and days, i.e. a short duration. They disappear unless they are rehearsed. STM also has a limited capacity of about 4 items or chunks and tends to be coded acoustically. This type of memory is sometimes referred to as working memory.
Capacity, duration, coding
capacity
9.3 items and 7.3 for letters
the magic letters 7+-2
duration
STM - less than 18 seconds
LTM - a longgggg time
coding
acoustic
semantic
Evaluation
The capacity of STM may be even more limited
The size of the chunk matters
Individuals differences
Testing STM was artificial
STM results may be due to displacement
Baddley may not have tested LTM
STM may not be exclusively acoustic
LTM may not be exclusively semantic