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Endocrine System (Anterior Pituitary Gland (Prolactin(PRL) (Target Organ:…

- - - - In females: Stimulates milk production in mammary glands. In males: may play a role in the sensitivity of the interstitial cells to LH
  - - - In females, stimulates growth of ovarian follicles. In males, stimulates sperm production
  - - - Stimulates production of corticosteroid hormones
  - - - Stimulates thyroid hormone secretion and synthesis
  - - - In females, stimulates ovulation, estrogen, and progesterone synthesis in corpus luteum of ovary. In males, stimulates androgen synthesis in the testes
  - - - Stimulates increased growth and metabolism in target cells; stimulates synthesis of somatomedin in the liver to stimulate growth at epiphyseal plate
- - - - Increases secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
  - - - Increases secretion of growth hormone
  - - - Increases secretion of prolactin
  - - - Increases secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone
  - - - Decreases secretion of prolactin
  - - - Increases secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone
  - - - Decreases secretion of growth hormone
- - - - Increases blood glucose levels, glycogen breakdown in liver cells, lipid breakdown in adipose cells
  - - - Slows release of insulin and glucagon to slow rate of nutrient absorption during digestion
  - - - Suppresses somatostatin secretion from delta cells
  - - - Decreases glucose levels in body fluids, glucose transport into target cells; promotes glycogen and lipid formation and storage
- - - - Regulates electrolyte composition and concentration in body fluids
  - - - Stimulate lipid and protein metabolism; regulate blood glucose levels
  - - - Stimulates protein synthesis in sex organ cells
- - - - Stimulates development of female reproductive organs, follicle maturation; regulates menstrual cycle; stimulates growth of mammary glands
  - - - Regulates menstrual cycle; stimulates growth of uterine lining; stimulates growth of mammary glands
- - - - Increases metabolism, oxygen use, growth, and energy use; supports and increases rate of development
  - - - Reduces calcium levels in body fluids; decreases bone reabsorption by osteoclasts and increases calcium loss through kidneys
- - - - In female, stimulates smooth muscle contraction in uterine wall; stimulates milk ejection from mammary glands. In males, stimulates contraction of smooth muscle of the male reproductive tract
  - - - Stimulates reabsorption of water from tubular fluid in kidneys; stimulates vasoconstriction in arterioles of body, thereby raising blood pressure
- - - - Stimulates intestinal cells to increase their uptake of both calcium and phosphate, increasing calcium levels in body fluids
- - - - Makes us drowsy. Helps regulate the circadian rhythm. Affects the synthesis of a hypothalamic hormone
- - - - Work with the sympathetic division of the ANS to stimulate fight-or-flight response
- - - - Increases calcium levels in blood through bone reabsorption; increases calcium absorption by small intestine by calcitriol; decreases calcium loss through the kidney
- - - - Controls overall secretory activity and motility in GI tract