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L15 - Acute Viral infections
Understand te definition of an acute viral…
L15 - Acute Viral infections
- Understand te definition of an acute viral infection
- Understand the virologic, clinical and pathogenic features of acute viral infections
- Understand virological and clinical features of viral diseases explore in this lecture
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Zika Virus
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Trasmission
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Vertical Trasmission
Complications
- Faetal death (miscarriage)
- Congenital deformities/disorders
Microenkephalopathy
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RNA nucleic acid Genome
Prone to spontaneous mutations => antigenic drift
Allows tracking of viral development and movement => comparing similiarites and differences between cases within same quasispecies
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Guillan-Barre Syndrome
Degradation of myelin sheaths encapsulating neurons
Initial infection bearing Zika-like symptoms => GBS in French Polynesia
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Viral Respiratory Infections
Highly transmissable => Aerosol, fomites, Droplets
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Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
- A paramyxoviridae (acute)
- Genus = Pneumovirus
- Most susceptible to severe infection = <2 years of age
- All children will be infected by the virus by age 2
- Immunity is not long term
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Virulence
Virions infect cell and induce fusion = Syncytium
Inlfuenza
- Caused by Orthomyxoviridae => attach to mucoproteins on cell surface
=> (-) ssRNA genome = prone to mutations & antigenic variation
Genera (Infectious)
Influenza Virus B [B/Yamagata, B/Victoria]
Influenza Virus C [mostly inapparent, or mild URTI]
Influenza Virus A [H1-18; N1-11]
Originates from Avian infection
=> H - viral antigen that bind to host cell
=> Antigenic shift can cause pandemics
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Influenza Manifestations
Seasonal Infleunza
- common respiratory illness
Annual Influenza Vaccines (Typically Quadravalent)
Pandemic Influenza
- Virulent strain of human influenza derived from IVA virus with antigenic shift
Viral Reassortment of the 2009 H1N1 Pandemic Influenza VA
- 7 genes from Swine and Avian IVA
- 1 gene from human H3N2
Avian Influenza ("bird flu")
- Naturally occurring in birds - no human immunity/vaccine
Swine Influenza ("swine flu")
- Respiratory disease of pids = derived from IVA
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