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Church opposition
-There were still Catholic priests and Protestant…
Church opposition
-There were still Catholic priests and Protestant ministers and pastors who preached against Nazi policies even though Hiller tried to suppress opposition from the churches
Pastor Martin Niemoller (One of the main church opponents against Hitler)
-Didn't always oppose the Nazis
Neimoller's changing attitude to HItler
Pro-Nazi*
-Neimoller voted for them in 1924 and 1933 elections as he felt Weimar Republic needed a strong leader
-He didn't oppose Nazi restriction on Jews
-He wanted to be let out of prison to fight on the side of the Nazis in the Second World War
Against Nazis
-He didn't like Nazi interference in the Protestant Church
-He opposed the Nazi restrictions on Jews becoming Christians
-He set up the Confessional Church in 1934
Very against Nazis -Neimoller was arrested many times for speaking out against the Nazis and Hitler between 1934-1937
-He was sent to a Concentration Camp in 1938 where he stayed until 1945
How pastors and priests opposed against Nazis
-6000 Protestant pastors joined Neimoller's Confessional Church as a protest against Nazi policy, only 2000 remained in the German Christian Church
-About 800 pastors were arrested and sent to concentration camps
-400 Catholic Priests spoke out and were arrested and imprisoned in the Priests Block at Dachau concentration camps
How much opposition was there
-Opposition to the Nazis by church leaders was difficult because it was so dangerous to speak out openly
-Attendance at Christian Churches remained high throughout this period
Youth Opposition
-Another group that opposed the Nazis
-Secretly set up groups or refused to conform to what the Nazis wanted from them
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They sang 'Smash the Hitler youth in twain, our song is freedom, love and life'
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They were formed in the late 1930s, possibly as a consequence of Nazi policies enforcing Hitler Youth membership
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The Swing Youth
-Chose to confront the Nazis -liked wearing American clothing
-Listened to American music and watched American films
-Gathered together to drink Alcohol, smoke and dance
-Organised illegal dances attended by thousands
-Largely made up of children from wealthy families
How effective was youth opposition up to 1939 It was limited to -Writing anti-Nazi graffiti
-Telling anti-Nazi jokes]
-Attacking the HItler youth
-Listening to banned music
-wearing American clothing
The motives of the youth opposition groups were cultural rather than political and their numbers were limited
Women and the Family
-The Nazis had strong views about the role of women in society
-Once they had control in Germany, they introduced policies that affected women's lives in los of way
Nazi's ideal women
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To believe in the Nazi ideas of Kinder, Kuche, Kirche(Children, Kitchen, Church)
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Nazi Youth Organisations
-4 Nazi Youth Groups: Young German Folk(Boys aged 10-14), Young Girls(Girls aged 10-14), Hitler Youth(Boys aged 14-18) and League of German Maidens(Girls aged 14-18)
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