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Lecture 9a: Attachment (Types of attachment behaviours (Social referencing…

- - - - use of more effective signals & behaviour (protesting when caregiver leaves, crawling towards & clinging to caregiver)
    - - Take into account caregiver's needs, able to wait for their return without protesting
    - - Use of signals eg. smiling& crying to attract attention of specific individuals
    - - attachment-related behaviours not targeted to any particular individual
- - - - little to no separation anxiety
      - actively avoid contact with caregiver upon her return (trying to blame her)
      - reacts less to strangers, sometimes ignoring them
      - may interact more positively with strangers
      - explore the most when alone with caregiver
    - - very high separation anxiety
      - cannot be soothed by caregiver upon her return
      - uncomfortable with strangers even when caregiver is present
      - mixture of proximity-seeking & angry behaviour towards caregiver
      - explores very little
    - - apprehensive towards strangers when alone, friendlier when caregiver is present
      - visible distress when caregiver leaves
      - explore freely when caregiver is present
      - greet caregiver warmly when she returns & can be soothed
    - - dazed & fearful facial expressions
      - frozen postures
      - confused & contradictory behaviour
      - typically come from mistreated backgrounds
      - more likely to show aggressive behaviour
  - - - higher proportion of avoidant babies
      - emphasis on independence from adults embedded within culture
    - - higher proportion of resistant attachments, no avoidant attachments at all
      - mothers spend most of time with their babies unlike in US where babysitters are more common-->even a brief separation can be stressful