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ch 6 (6.8-6.11) (6.9 (General structure (Other joint features (Bursa =…

- - - - Fatty pads ( knee & Hip)
      - Menisci or articular disc or that seperate cavity into 2 compartments
      - Bursa = flattened fibrous sacs with synovial membrane and fluid that act as ball bearing to prevent friction on adjacent structures during joint activity:
        
        cushion the movement of one body part over another
        
        located between skin and bone ( where skin rubs over bone ) and between muscles , tendons , ligaments and bone
- - - - Flattened triangular bone
      - Glenoid cavity (Fossa)- small fossa that articulates with the head of the humerus
      - Coracoid process- anterior projection of superior portion; attachment for the biceps muscles
      - Acromion - uppermost point of the shoulder
      - Spine - diagonal posterior surface
      - body-flattened triangular
      - medial & Lateral borders
      - Inferior Angles
    - - Medial sternal ends
      - lateral acromial end
      - Provides attachments for many muscles
  - - - Head
      - neck
      - Radial tuberosity
      - unlar notch (Distal)
      - Styloid process
    - - Olecranon process = Prominece of elbow
      - Trochlear notch = recieves trochlea of humerus
      - Coronoid process
      - Head (Distal)
      - Styloid process (Medial prominence)
  - - - Scaphoid
      - Lunate
      - Trapezium
      - Triquetral
      - Pisiform
      - Hamate
      - Capitate
      - Trapezoid
    - - 5 metacarpals (hand; long) bones
    - - thumb (pollex)
      - fingers3 digits
      - Total per limb = 14 digits or phalanges
      - Polydactyly
  - - - Iliac crest = prominence of hip
      - The socket that articulates with head of femur is called the acetabulum
      - the hole in each coxal bone is called the obturator foraman
    - - Ischial spine
    - - the pubis bones articulate anteriorly at the symphysis pubis (fibrocartilage disc)
  - - - Female ilium is more flared
      - female has wider pubic arch
  - - - head
      - Neck
      - Greater & lesser trochanters
      - Linea aspera
      - lateral & medial condyles tibia
      - Epicondyles
      - Patella surfaces
    - - very strong
      - Medial/ lateral condyles
      - tibial tuberosity
      - medial malleolus
    - - head
      - Lateral malleolus
    - - Tarus = 7 tarsal ankle bone
      - talus = uppermost tarsal articulates with the tibia and fibula ;
      - Calcaneus = heel bone
      - metatarsals = 5 metatarsals (foot bone )
      - Phalanges = toe bone or digit
- - - - medial
      - lateral
      - C-shaped fibrocatilage pads
      - Reshape the tibial condyles for a better fit
      - Absorbs shock
- - - - the head of one bone fits into the socket of another Ex: hip and shoulder
    - - Thumb
    - - permit flexion & extension only ; Ex : elbow and knee
    - - permit rotation ex; first intervertebral joint
    - - permit all angular motion, except rotation Ex wrist and knuckles