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Topic 7: Further Anatomy (Blood supply comes to the brain from the aortic…
Topic 7: Further Anatomy
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Blood supply comes to the brain from the aortic arch
Right Side:
The brachiocephalic trunk originates in the aorta and leads into the right carotid artery. This splits into the right internal carotid artery and right external carotid artery.
Left Side:
Left carotid artery originates from the aorta. This splits into the left internal carotid artery and left external carotid artery.
The external carotid artery flows upward on the side of the head to branch into various structures in the neck, face, jaw, scalp and base of the skull.
The internal carotid artery enters the skull and supplies the anterior part of the brain (via cerebral branches). It also sends branches to the nose and forehead.
Blood Brain Barrier
Blood brain barrier is a network of
blood vessels that allow the entry of essential nutrients into the brain while blocking other substances.
The blood brain barrier helps block harmful substances such as toxins and bacteria from entering the brain.
Compounds that are very small and/or fat soluble, including anti-depressants, anti-anxiety, alcohols, cocaine and many hormones are able to slip through the endothelial cells that make up the blood brain barrier without much effort.
In contrast, larger molecules such as glucose or insulin must be ferried across by proteins.
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