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Population Genetics&Evolution (Speciation (Convergent Evolution (The…
Population Genetics&Evolution
Speciation
Convergent Evolution
The two may evolve
May resemble each other
two unrelated spiced occupy habitats
Natural selection favor same phenotypes
Natural selection as causes a new species to evolve
Two ways
Phyletic speciation
one species gradually changed to new species
gene flow
alleles movement through space
pollen transfer
pollen grains carry one full haploid genome
vegetation propagation
species produce small mobile piece reproduce vegetatively
seed dispersal
some fall close to parent
many have long distance dispersal
Divergent speciation
some populations evolve into new
second species
abiological reproductive barriers
physical nonliving feature
prevents 2 populations from exchanging genes
biological reproductive barriers
any biological phenomenon
preventing successful gene flow
adaptive radiation
species rapidly diverges into many new species over a short amount of time
population genetics
abundance of different alleles W/I population
factors that cause genes to change
natural selection
survival of the fittest
most significant factor
factors that are part of natural selection
voluntary decision making
planning
purpose
intention
accidents
events organisms can't adapt
mutation
existing alleles decrease frequency
new alleles increase frequency
artificial selection
humans change allele frequency of gene pool
Evolution and origin of life
conditions on earth before origin of life
time available for origin of life
no limits
chemicals presented in atmosphere
second atmosphere
methane
hydrogen sulfide
ammonia
H2O
mostly hydrogen
energy sources
UV&Gamma rays from sun
chemosynthesis
model the origin of life using only known chemical and physical process
rejecting all traces of divine intervention
