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Commercial uses of plant hormones (Gibberellins (Fruit production (delay…
Commercial uses of plant hormones
Auxins
cuttings
rooting powder encourages root growth
seedless fruit
parthenocarpy
treating unpollinated flowers with auxin makes seedless fruit grow
promotes ovule growth so more auxins naturally develop fruit further
herbicides
promote shoot growth so stem can't support itself so buckles
Cytokinins
delay leaf senescence
(prevents growing old)
lettuce leaves to prevent yellowing
promote bud and shoot growth from small pieces of tissue taken from parent plant
Gibberellins
Fruit production
delay senescence in citrus fruit
gibberellins and cytokinins can make apples elongate
grape stalks elongate and grapes are less compacted so they can grow
Brewing
gibberellin added to barley seeds speeds up process
aleurone layer of seed produces amylase enzymes which break starch to glucose
giberellin can speed up the process
Sugar production
sugar canes sprayed with it - stimulates growth between nodes.
Sugar grows in internodes so more is available
Plant breeding
gibberellins can speed up seed formation on young trees
oppositely, gibberellin synthesis inhibitors stop plants making gibberellins
short and stocky flowers
short internodes prevents lodging
lodging is bent stems due to weight of water in ripened seeds
Ethene
commercial uses
accelerate fruit ripening
promote fruit drop
promote female sex expression in cucumbers by reducing self pollination (makes cucumber bitter)
promote lateral growth
2-chloroethylphosphonic acid
can be sprayed as this in solution, as ethene is gas
restricting ethene
prevents fruit ripening for storage
fruit at low temp, little oxygen and high CO2 prevents ethene synthesis