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Ecological Fiscal Transfers in Europe – Evidence-Based Design Options for…
Ecological Fiscal Transfers in Europe – Evidence-Based Design Options for a Transnational Scheme
N. Drostea,b,c,⁎, I. Ringd, R. Santose, M. Kettunenf
ABSTRACT
We develop a proposal for an EFT design within the supranational context of the EU and assess its potential effects with evidence-based estimates
Introduction – The Need for Innovation in Conservation Policies
the aim of this article is to explore a possible policy design for EU-wide implementation of an EFT scheme based on empirical evidence of the distribution of N2k areas and experience gained with existing EFT mechanisms.
. Background – What Have we Learnt So Far?
2.1. A Theoretical Foundation
2.2. Current EFT Experience
2.3. N2k Network Implementation
2.3.1. Designation process
Implementation process
2.3.3. Existing co-financing mechanisms for N2k through EU funds
2.3.4. The suitability of existing EU funds for the integration of an EFT-like
Empirical Patterns – Who would Benefit
Data Sources, Preparation and Software
Econometric Model
Spatial Distribution of N2k Sites in EU-27
Discussion – Criteria for Evaluating Outcomes of the Proposed Scheme
Ecological Effectivenes
Distributive Effect
Cost-Effectivenes
European Natura 2000 (N2k)
Conclusion – Considering the Political Economy of Conservation