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Global Governance 1 (Companies (WORLD BANK- provides loans to countries of…
Global Governance 1
Companies
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION- provides access to universal health, preventing diseases and research
IMF- manages exchange rates, provides short term capital and helps prioritize economic growth
UNITED NATION- brings together member states to confront common challenges and manage shared responsibilities
GLOBAL COMMONS
Oceans
- no boundaries
- difficult to determine ownership
- fragile ecosystems
- finite resources
Space
- availability of resources and planets which aren't owned by anyone
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Atmosphere
- people's actions, affect other areas
- global implications (climate change)
UN
established in 1945, has 193 member countries
main aims
- to maintain global peace and security
- develop friendly relations between nations
- to use co-operation to solve international problems
- to bring countries together to settle disputes
successes
- humanitarianism development- QOL for vulnerable woman and children
- combat spread of disease (WHO)- smallpox
- maintained fragile peace in Africa
failures
- powerful military states e.g Russia ignore the UN
- AIDS pandemic continues
- financial dependence on MEDCs
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
Internet- various negative aspects that need governance e.g images on instagram
- dark web- illegal activites
- crosses international boundaries
War and conflict- e,g Syria
- chemical weapons
- reduce deaths
Since end of ww2- world trade occurs so laws and agreements are put into place to ensure a sustainable approach
- don't want history to repeat itself
- as technology improves, previously inaccessible places are becoming vulnerable
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE- a movement of political integration aimed at negotiating responses to problems that affect more than one state
GLOBAL COMMON- resource domains or areas that lie outside the political reach of any one nation state
NORMS- accepted standards of behavior. Usually negative consequences for countries and companies and individuals who do not follow. E.g Right to freedom of speech- restrict this- international condemnation
LAWS- rules established by countries through international agreement. They are legally binding. Cover human rights, labour standards and trade regulations
INSTITUTIONS- legal organisations that exist to pass and enforce law. Decide whether law has been broken or act as a forum to discuss issues. Include the UN, WTO and International Criminal Court
WORLD BANK- 1944- promotes global investment and provides development loans to countries for specific development projects. Encourages a free-market model
WTO- 1993- to cut trade barriers (subsidies, tariffs and quotas) that can stop countries trading freely with each other. Sets conditions under which trading can occur