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Power (influence over others) (Tactics used to increase power (Personal…
Power (influence over others)
Bases of Power
Legitimate power
Based on formal legitimacy (position power)
Expert power
Based on positive and negative expert
Reward power
Based on benefits(impersonal or personal rewards)
Referent power
Based on possession by an individual desire
Coercive power
Based on fear
Information power
Based on direct and indirect information
Evaluating the bases of power
Compliance
Resistance
Commitment
Dependency
Reliance on someone for something
Affect power
Urgent
when resources are too little
Cannot be substituted
when there is no other option in place of that resource
Important
resources need is vital
Tactics used to increase power
Personal appeals
appeal loyality and friendship
Exchange
offer favours or benefits
Ingratiation
creating goodwill and being friendly
Coalitions
support of other people
Consultation
involve someone
Inspiration appeals
values, ideals and when making goals request
Pressure
threats and reminders for things done
Legitimacy
claim the authority
Rational persuasion
facts and data used
Empowerment
giving power to employees
refers to freedom and the ability of employees to make decision
In workplace
Company help employees in relevant skills
support employees decision making
Clear definiation of values and mission of the company
employees needs to be recognized for their efforts
Features of empowered people
have sense of competence
have sense of impact
have sense of meaning
have sense of determination
Power and harrassment related
the absue of power
harrassment in workplace
Sexual Harassment
Workplace Bullying
race, religion, national origin and sexual harrassment
People engage in politics
people use politics to influence others to help them achieve personal goals
Types of political activity
Building support for ideas
support one's ideas
Praising others
give importance to people to feel good
Managing impressions
positive attention
Building coalitions
create powerful group
Using information
hide positive information
Associating with influentcial people
support networks
Attacking or blaming others
avoid responsibility
Creating obligation
favour for others so they will favour you later
Making office politics work
nobody wins unless everybody wins
donot ask for opinion
just change them
everyone expects to be paid back
success can create opposition