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Crystal Arthritis (Aetiology (Associations (Hypertension, Diabetes…
Crystal Arthritis
Aetiology
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Associations
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Chronic renal failure - kidneys excrete uric acid so kidney failure leads to high levels of uric acid
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Features of Crystal
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Crystal has stable, hard, high density
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Ions bonded closely in ordered, repeating, symmetric arrangement
Uric Acid
Hyperuricaemia = high uric acid. Affects 10% of population, not all will develop gout
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Treatment
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Prophylaxis: allopurinol, lose weight, don't drink alcohol eat purine rich meals
Pseudo-Gout
Usually spontaneous and self-limiting but can be provoked by illness, surgery or trauma
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The crystals elicit an acute inflammatory response in wrists, knees, ankles
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Signs
Acute: swollen, red, shiny joints
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Monoarthritis - tends to be one finger, or one toe
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Definitions
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Deposition = Local inflammatory response and tissue damage caused by crystals being deposited in tissues
Sites of Deposition
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Joint Depositions = crystal arthropathies: urate, calcium pyrophosphate, hydroxyapatite
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