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Transferring energy (Heating effect (All circuits have some resistance, so…
Transferring energy
Heating effect
All circuits have some resistance, so they warm up when there's a current
When a current passes through a resistor, energy is transferred because electrical work is done against the resistance.
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A model of resistance
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As electrons flow through the lattice of vibrating ions, they collide with the ions.
The more collisions they make with ions, the harder it's for them to pass through, so the higher the electrical resistance.
When the electrons collide with the ions, they transfer energy to them.
Reducing resistance
Resistance can be reduced by using wires made from metals with low resistance, e.g. Copper
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Resistance can also be decreased by cooling metals so that the lattice ions are not vibrating as much.
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