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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (Anatomy (Pancreas (Hormones produced (Insulin (Reduces…

- - - - Hormones produced
        
        Oestragen
        
        It is also produced during pregnancy
        
        It is higher in girls than in boys
        
        Controls the production of gametes and the female sexual characteristics
      - They are the ovaries and produce ovules
    - - Hormone produced
        
        Testosterone
        
        Controls the production of gametes and the male sexual characteristics
        
        It is higher in boys than in girls
      - They are the testes and produce spermatozoons
  - - - Stimulating factors: Stimulate other glands to produce their hormones
      - Inhibiting factors: They inhibit other gands from producing hormones
      - Growth hormone: Activates metabolism and make bones and muscles to grow. It works till adulthood.
      - Oxytocin: triggers contractions of the uterus for giving birth and triggers the ejection of milk from the mothers
      - Antidiuretic: controls the amount of water in the urine. Antidiuretic released → less water in the body
  - - - Insulin
        
        Reduces the amount of glucose in the blood
        
        Produced by A-cells in the pancreas
      - Glucagon
        
        Increases the amount of glucose in the blood.
        
        Produced by B-cells in the pancreas
  - - - Adrenaline
        
        It causes increasement of cardiac rythm, increasement of strenght and resistance of muscles
        
        This is how the body prepares for fighting or scaping
        
        If the levels of adrenaline are kept high for a long time, it will damge your cells
        
        Is released as response to a danger
      - Cortisol
        
        Is a hormone released to be awake. It increases when a person wakes up and at night, it deceases because melatonine is released, which is the opposite hormone
        
        Triggers degradation of the nutrients by which we obtain nutrients
  - - - Parathormone
        
        It increases the levels of calcium in the blood
        
        Muscular contraction needed → Parathormone is released → Parathormone reaches the bones → Osteoclasts scrape the bones → More calcium → The calcium is sent to the blood → The calcium reaches the muscles
  - - - Activates metabolism
        
        If you produce too much → Hyperthyroidsm → more activity of the cells → less weight
        
        If you produce too few → Hiporthyroidsm → less activity of the cells → more weight
- - - - The brain sends orders with a part of the nervous system called the hypothalamus
      - The brain sends orders to the pitutary gland
    - - These hormones enter the blood torrent and are sent to the organs
      - When the stimulating and inhibiting factors reach the other glands, these glands release their respective hormones
    - - Then releases stimulating and inhibiting factors to the other glands
      - The pitutary gland recieves the orders of the hypothalamus