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Eye investigations (Tonometer (Types (Goldman
Standard tonometer
Fixed…
Eye investigations
Tonometer
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Mechanism
Applies a small force to surface of the eye to
flatten it, then approximates force pushing
against the wall of the eye from the inside (IOP)
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Pupil
dilatation
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Types
Long acting
E.g. cyclopentolate (24h), atropine (2wk)
MOA: mydriatic and cycloplegic by inhibiting PNS
Short acting
E.g. tropicamide (6h), phenlyephrine (4h)
MOA: mydriatic and cycloplegic by inhibiting PNS (tropicamide); mydriatic only by SNS mimetic (phenylephrine)
Fluorecein dye
Indication
Epithelial defects of cornea/conjunctiva
Patency of lacrimal passages
IV for retinal/choroidal veins
Tonometry (Goldman)
Mechanism
Drop, strip or IV
Yellow colour, fluoresces green in cobalt blue light
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Automated
perimetry
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Mechanism
Patient identifies when they can see a stimulus in
different areas of their vision
Perimeter maps the visual fields to identify any defects
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Schirmer test
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Mechanism
Paper strip into corner of eye,
assess hydration of strip over time