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APUSH Period 1 Review (Key Terms (Subjugation: forced control of a group…
APUSH Period 1 Review
Key Terms
Subjugation: forced control of a group of people, typically slavery
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Columbian Exchange: spread of goods, ideas, people, and diseases both to and from America
Encomienda System: Spanish system of granting land to NA; exploited NA; eventually replaced by slave labor
Regions
Southwest:
- matrilineal
- Apache coexist with Hopi and Zuni tribes
- Pueblo and Navajo complex irrigation
- Apache hunters and raiders
- Navajo, Pueblo, Apache
Northeast:
- Iroquois Confederacy
- Algonquin groups
- wigwams
- siblings and cousins for status
- longhouses
- planted, fished, hunted, traded
- Lenape, Shawnee, Iroqouis
Great Plains/Great Basin:
- divided into different bands and subtribes
- nomadic
- followed the buffalo
- lived in teepees
- hunter-gatherers
- Sioux, Cheyenne, Lakota
Northwest/Pacific:
- mostly fished and hunted
- lived in pithouses
- elaborate ceremonies, wealthy families held potlucks
- autonomous towns
- Chinook, Inuit, Aleut
West:
- hunting, gathering, fishing
- CA, WA, NV, UT, CO, ID
- tribes in Great Basin and Rocky Mountains
- acorns, bison, canoes
- traded on Columbia River
- wikiups
- Osage, Apache, Navajo
Social, Political, and Economic Structures
Political
Iroquois Confederacy/Great Binding Law:
- created systematic order of command within six Iroquois groups
- model for current federal government
- more complex and democratic than the other dictatorships and monarchies
Autonomous Towns:
- Northwest/Pacific ruled over the rest of the town or other small towns
- relied on local and accurate rule instead of one king for the whole country
Matrilineal/Patrilineal:
- passed down status and political position through families
- similar to European blood lines, more focused on family ties
Social (Religious Focus)
Earthen Mounds:
- built as burial grounds and sites of worship
- examples of early art all around the Americas
- more complex than European territory markers
Southern Ceremonial Complex:
- religion based on ranking and symbol
- focus on nature and balance
- different languages dictate the religions
- Christianity is universal regardless of religions
Housing:
- longhouses symbolize family and unity
- Pueblan adobes keep them cool
- major social impact based on housing style
Economic
Trade:
- focused on building relationships and alliances to share cultures
- Europeans traded purely for greed and money
Village Leaders:
- leaders in the Pacific Northwest gave away money to others to show their status
- Europeans choose to wear gaudy clothes and jewels to show wealth
Use of Resources:
- Hohokam people made irrigation systems for the desert
- Europeans hoard resources