Vargas and Peron
Rise to Power
Fall
Maintenance/Consolidation of Power
Peron rose to power by taking over the Department of Labor (October 1943)
The coup of 1930 got Vargas in power. Even though, he ran in the elections against Washington Luis, Vargas lost and the people protested to have Vargas in power.
Vargas put down the Constitutionalist Revolution in 1932.
Censorship of Press
Peron focused to expand agriculture when the economy was suffering which meant he forgot about the working class in his policies.
There was a division in the state that weakened his power. Integralism vs. Dogma or Conservatism vs. the National Liberal Alliance.
Opened new bureau aka the Women’s Division of Labor and Assistance (gained women supporters because of this and it demonstrates that Peron cared about women rights before Eva Peron.
Peron gained rose to power by recognizing the potential of women, ethnic minorities and the working class (features of populism)
Peron also endorsed Women Suffrage
Peron also increased women's access to education
Peron also improved wages and working conditions
Vargas (Brazil)
Juan Peron and Evita Peron
Eva helped with Peron's image by getting support from descamisados and women.
Peron used fear tactics.
Tenente movement had young military officer which supported Vargas.
All of these movements helped strengthen in political network.
The military supported Peron until his policies forgot the working class and they got less money.
Peron used violence to end chaos and opposition, but he went too far when he damaged the military.
Peron noticed his mistake and exiled himself in 1945.
Vargas created a New Constitution in 1933-1934 which helped reduce individual state autonomy and gave more power to the state.
People were very upset with the Brazilian government i.e. there were mobilizations led by Captain Luis Carlos Prestes which was a 14,000 mile march and made valued the importance of reforms in terms of minimum wages, working conditions, and agrarian reform
Peron was known for following the ideology of justicialismo which promised social justice and public welfare (this connects back to Peron using populism)
Vargas also maintained power by abolishing all political parties and cancelling the 1938 election.
People were upset with President Bernardes (1922-1926) since he struggled controlling coffee which was being overtly produced and led to the inflation of coffee during 1924.
Gained power through the overthrow of Washington Luis. Vargas ran against President Washington Luis during the time. People were angry that the elections were rigged which triggered the Revolution of 1930. Militias marched to the capital and forcefully replaced Luis with Vargas.
The military ordered Vargas to resign or be disposed and he ended up committing suicide.
Filled prisons with workers and military officers.