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Main Causes of WWI (Militarism (Dev) (Militarism is the incorporation of…
Main Causes of WWI
Militarism (Dev)
Militarism is the incorporation of militant ideas and priorities into government and the idea that militant power is very important for national strength.
Many of Europe's leaders were led by militant leaders and always wanted to advance in army/armed spending. With the talks of only war and increasing weaponry around Europe, it seemed as though violence was the only answer. Militarism kept WWI going because no one was interested in compromise and peace with
militarism.
QUOTE :green_cross:"After studying the lessons of the Crimean War and other 19th century conflicts, military industrialists developed hundreds of improvements...During the American Civil War (1861-65), heavy artillery could fire up to 2.5 kilometers (1.5 miles) at best. By the early 1900s, this range had almost tripled...allowed artillery shelling and bombardments to become standard practice along the Western Front during World War I"
With war happening and the obsession for more weapons to be built, it will be hard for war to end as countries were stacked with massive weapons and alongside the militarism, the mentality to keep fighting.
QUOTE :green_cross:"Military victories, whether in colonial wars or major conflicts like the Crimean War (1853-56) or the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71), only increased the prestige of the military and intensified nationalism. In contrast, a military defeat (such as Russia’s defeat by Japan in 1905) or even a costly victory (like Britain in the Boer War, 1899-1902) might expose problems and heighten calls for military reform or increased spending. Virtually every major European nation engaged in some form of military renewal in the late 1800s and early 1900s"
Militarism mentality is seen here as victories made countries more thirsty for war and to be the best while defeats motivated countries to advance there military and to get back into the fight ASAP.
Countries with these great armies now thought they shouldn't put their precious army to waste so they would rather use it when conflict comes then solve it. Similar to how you don't buy a good car just to not drive it.
Nationalism (Nicole)
Definition : having extreme pride or loyalty for your country.This promotes the idea that one's nation is superior to others in all aspects (culture, economics, politics and military).
This belief puts the interests of your country before all things and makes you perceive things with bias/ with a racist outlook.This contributed to the development of stereotypes.
How it caused WWl : Nationalist believed their country was the best and therefore would defend it no matter what (go to war)
Evidence : "young Serbs joined radical nationalist groups like the ‘Black Hand’ (Crna Ruka). These groups hoped to drive Austria-Hungary from the Balkans and establish" their own unified state.This inspired the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo in June 1914, an event that led directly to the outbreak of World War I".
Nationalist ideas were spread through press, literature, music, art, etc. and depicted other countries as untrustworthy and inferior, and their own nation, the best.
What made it worse : Nationalism promoted hostility and aggression among the different countries, thus resulting in rivalry.In addition, it inspired different races to seek their own country and be free of the rule they were under".
Imperialism (Johanna)
Definition: a system where a powerful nation takes control of a weaker colony and takes control over their resources, culture, economy, etc
Claiming territories would expand trade, help the importation of raw materials, and help with the sale of manufactured goods. This wealth caused power to nations. The most powerful imperialist country was Great Britain, they occupied a quarter of the globe.
How It Caused WWI: A lot of nations started acquiring colonies, it turned into a colonial rivalry of which nations owned more land. European nations would compete to claim more land.
Evidence: "In Africa, all the European powers except Austria and Russia had colonies there. Thus, there were many clashes among France, Britain, Germany, and Italy. For example, France rivalled with Italy over Tunnis and Germany over Morroco."
Alliances (Jordan)
Definition: a political, military, or economic agreement, negotiated and signed by two or more nations
Alliances ensure that in the event of war the nations that have signed the agreement will side with their allies.
How it caused WWl: The Chancellor of Germany had made alliances with other countries to isolate France. The separation of the two European powers led to the upbringing of WW1
Evidence: "the Alliance System was an important cause of the WWI because it divided the European powers into two rival military camps, the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente, that the rivalry between the two camps brought about the war"